Goh L P, Loh S P, Fatimah M Y, Perumal K
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Malays J Nutr. 2009 Mar;15(1):77-86. Epub 2009 Mar 15.
Microalgae can produce various natural products such as pigments, enzymes, unique fatty acids and vitamin that benefit humans. The objective of the study is to study the bioaccessibility of carotenoids (β-carotene and lycopene) and vitamin E (α- and β-tocopherol) of Nannochloropsis oculata and Chaetoceros calcitrans. Analyses were carried out for both the powdered forms of N. oculata and C. calcitrans, and the dried extract forms of N. oculata and C. calcitrans. In vitro digestion method together with RP-HPLC was used to determine the bioaccessibility of carotenoids and vitamin E for both forms of microalgae. Powdered form of N. oculata had the highest bioaccessibility of β-carotene (28.0 ± 0.6 g kg-1), followed by dried extract N. oculata (21.5 ± 1.1 g kg-1), dried extract C. calcitrans (16.9 ± 0.1 g kg-1), and powdered C. calcitrans (15.6 ± 0.1 g kg-1). For lycopene, dried extract of N. oculata had the highest bioaccessibility of lycopene (42.6 ± 1.1 g kg-1), followed by dried extract C. calcitrans (41.9 ± 0.6 g kg-1), powdered C. calcitrans (39.7 ± 0.1 g kg-1) and powdered N. oculata (32.6 ± 0.7 g kg-1). Dried extract C. calcitrans had the highest bioaccessibility of α-tocopherol (72.1 ± 1.2 g kg-1). However, β-tocopherol was not detected in both dried extract and powdered form of C. calcitrans. In conclusion, all samples in their dried extract forms were found to have significantly higher bioaccessibilities than their powdered forms. This may be due to the disruption of the food matrix contributing to a higher bioaccessibility of nutrients shown by the dried extract forms.
微藻能够产生各种对人类有益的天然产物，如色素、酶、独特的脂肪酸和维生素。本研究的目的是研究眼点拟微球藻和钙质角毛藻中类胡萝卜素（β-胡萝卜素和番茄红素）以及维生素E（α-生育酚和β-生育酚）的生物可及性。对眼点拟微球藻和钙质角毛藻的粉末形式以及干燥提取物形式都进行了分析。采用体外消化法结合反相高效液相色谱法来测定这两种微藻形式中类胡萝卜素和维生素E的生物可及性。眼点拟微球藻粉末形式的β-胡萝卜素生物可及性最高（28.0±0.6 g kg-1），其次是眼点拟微球藻干燥提取物（21.5±1.1 g kg-1）、钙质角毛藻干燥提取物（16.9±0.1 g kg-1）和钙质角毛藻粉末（15.6±0.1 g kg-1）。对于番茄红素，眼点拟微球藻干燥提取物的番茄红素生物可及性最高（42.6±1.1 g kg-1），其次是钙质角毛藻干燥提取物（41.9±0.6 g kg-1）、钙质角毛藻粉末（39.7±0.1 g kg-1）和眼点拟微球藻粉末（32.6±0.7 g kg-1）。钙质角毛藻干燥提取物的α-生育酚生物可及性最高（72.1±1.2 g kg-1）。然而，在钙质角毛藻的干燥提取物和粉末形式中均未检测到β-生育酚。总之，发现所有干燥提取物形式的样品其生物可及性显著高于粉末形式。这可能是由于食物基质的破坏导致干燥提取物形式显示出更高的营养生物可及性。
