Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering and University Hospital Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
Expert Rev Med Devices. 2012 May;9(3):233-9. doi: 10.1586/erd.12.15.
Tissue engineering aims to produce tissues using cells and materials. The action of designing tissues involves observing the process of growth to understand its underlying mechanisms. It requires manipulation of the critical parameters for cell growth and remodeling to produce structured tissues and functional organs. Tissue engineers face the challenge of orchestrating the signals in a cell's microenvironment to efficiently grow an anisotropic and hierarchical tissue. It can be performed in vivo through the design of bioactive scaffolds and manipulation of biological signals using growth factors. It can also be performed in vitro in a controlled environment called the bioreactor. This article addresses the matter of finding the optimal dynamic sequence of culture conditions in a bioreactor for the maturation of tissues. Artificial intelligence and optimal control are accelerating technologies towards an understanding of tissue regeneration. The particular example of the functional engineering of small-diameter blood vessels has been chosen to illustrate this idea.
组织工程旨在利用细胞和材料来生产组织。设计组织的过程涉及观察生长过程，以了解其潜在机制。这需要操纵细胞生长和重塑的关键参数，以产生具有结构的组织和功能性器官。组织工程师面临着协调细胞微环境中信号的挑战，以有效地生长各向异性和分层组织。这可以通过设计生物活性支架和使用生长因子来操纵生物信号在体内完成，也可以在称为生物反应器的受控环境中在体外完成。本文探讨了在生物反应器中找到组织成熟的最佳动态培养条件序列的问题。人工智能和最优控制正在加速对组织再生的理解。选择小直径血管的功能工程这一特殊示例来说明这一思想。
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