Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e38989. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038989. Epub 2012 Jun 14.
Recent studies have demonstrated that both the potency and breadth of the humoral anti-HIV-1 immune response in generating neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against heterologous viruses are significantly enhanced after superinfection by discordant HIV-1 subtypes, suggesting that repeated exposure of the immune system to highly diverse HIV-1 antigens can significantly improve anti-HIV-1 immunity. Thus, we investigated whether sequential plasma from these subjects superinfected with discordant HIV-1 subtypes, who exhibit broad nAbs against heterologous viruses, also neutralize their discordant early autologous viruses with increasing potency. Comparing the neutralization capacities of sequential plasma obtained before and after superinfection of 4 subjects to those of matched plasma obtained from 4 singly infected control subjects, no difference in the increase in neutralization capacity was observed between the two groups (p = 0.328). Overall, a higher increase in neutralization over time was detected in the singly infected patients (mean change in IC(50) titer from first to last plasma sample: 183.4) compared to the superinfected study subjects (mean change in IC(50) titer from first to last plasma sample: 66.5). Analysis of the Breadth-Potency Scores confirmed that there was no significant difference in the increase in superinfected and singly infected study subjects (p = 0.234). These studies suggest that while superinfection by discordant subtypes induces antibodies with enhanced neutralizing breadth and potency against heterologous viruses, the potency to neutralize their autologous viruses is not better than those seen in singly infected patients.
最近的研究表明，在被不同亚型的 HIV-1 再次感染后，体液抗 HIV-1 免疫反应产生中和抗体（nAbs）的效力和广度都会显著增强，这表明免疫系统反复接触高度多样化的 HIV-1 抗原可以显著改善抗 HIV-1 免疫。因此，我们研究了这些被不同亚型 HIV-1 再次感染的个体的序贯血浆，这些个体对异源病毒表现出广泛的 nAbs，是否也能以递增的效力中和其异源的早期自体病毒。比较 4 名被不同亚型 HIV-1 再次感染的个体的序贯血浆与 4 名单一感染对照个体的匹配血浆的中和能力，我们没有观察到两组之间中和能力增加的差异（p=0.328）。总体而言，在单一感染患者中，随着时间的推移，中和能力的增加更高（从第一份到最后一份血浆样本的 IC50 滴度变化：183.4），而在再次感染的研究对象中，中和能力的增加较低（从第一份到最后一份血浆样本的 IC50 滴度变化：66.5）。广度-效力评分分析证实，再次感染和单一感染研究对象的增加没有显著差异（p=0.234）。这些研究表明，虽然不同亚型的再次感染会诱导产生针对异源病毒具有增强中和广度和效力的抗体，但对其自体病毒的中和效力并不优于单一感染患者。
