Pisula Wojciech, Turlejski Krzysztof, Stryjek Rafał, Nałęcz-Tolak Aleksandra, Grabiec Marta, Djavadian Rouzanna L
Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Plac Defilad 1, mail box 51, 00-901 Warsaw, Poland.
Behav Processes. 2012 Oct;91(2):145-51. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2012.06.010. Epub 2012 Jul 7.
Behavior of the laboratory gray short-tailed opossums (Monodelphis domestica), Warsaw Wild Captive Pisula Stryjek rats (WWCPS) and laboratory rats (Wistar) has been registered in the period of familiarization with a new environment and consecutive confrontation with a novel, innocuous object placed in that familiarized environment. In the new environment the sequence of anxiety, investigation, and habituation was shortest in the opossum, longer in the laboratory rat and longest in the WWCPS rat. When placed in it, gray short-tailed opossums investigated the new environment with the shortest delay and most intensity. In reaction to novel objects, opossums and laboratory rats prolonged the time spent in the proximity of the new object, while the WWCPS rat did not show that reaction. Both opossums and laboratory rats increased the number of contacts with the new object, whereas WWCPS rats reduced those contacts. Behavior of all three species and lines grouped in different clusters. Some other quantitative and qualitative differences in behavior of the investigated animals are also described, showing a higher level of anxiety in both lines of rats than in the opossum. Behavioral differences between species and lines of animals used in this study may be attributed to different ecological adaptations of rats and opossums and to the effect of domestication in the laboratory rats. These behavioral differences make comparisons of opossums vs rat, and wild rat vs laboratory rat interesting models for studying the brain mechanisms of anxiety and neotic motivations.
在让实验室灰短尾负鼠（Monodelphis domestica）、华沙野生圈养皮苏拉·斯特里耶克大鼠（WWCPS）和实验室大鼠（Wistar）熟悉新环境以及随后与放置在该熟悉环境中的新奇无害物体对峙的期间，对它们的行为进行了记录。在新环境中，负鼠的焦虑、探索和习惯化顺序最短，实验室大鼠较长，而WWCPS大鼠最长。当被置于新环境中时，灰短尾负鼠探索新环境的延迟最短且强度最大。对于新奇物体，负鼠和实验室大鼠在新物体附近停留的时间延长，而WWCPS大鼠没有表现出这种反应。负鼠和实验室大鼠与新物体的接触次数都增加了，而WWCPS大鼠减少了这些接触。这三个物种和品系的行为聚集在不同的簇中。还描述了被研究动物行为的一些其他数量和质量上的差异，表明两种大鼠品系的焦虑水平都高于负鼠。本研究中使用的动物物种和品系之间的行为差异可能归因于大鼠和负鼠不同的生态适应性以及实验室大鼠的驯化效应。这些行为差异使得负鼠与大鼠、野生大鼠与实验室大鼠的比较成为研究焦虑和神经动机脑机制的有趣模型。
