Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2013;755:267-74. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-4546-9_34.
Rotaviruses are the leading cause of community-acquired and nosocomial gastroenterocolitis in children. There is little data concerning the epidemiology of nosocomial rotavirus gastroenterocolitis (NRVG) in Central European countries. The aim of our study was to analyze the epidemiology of NRVG in a pediatric hospital in Warsaw, Poland, where the majority of children was admitted due to respiratory tract infections. Retrospective chart analysis of 49,697 patients aged 0-18 hospitalized during 2006-2009 was performed. NRVG was defined as acute gastroeneterocolitis (>3 loose stools in 24 h or vomiting), confirmed with A rapid immunochromatographic test, if symptoms developed >48 h after admission. In total, 469 cases of NRVG were diagnosed. The cumulative attack rate of NRVG for the hospital was calculated as 0.97% (CI 0.86-1.02), the cumulative incidence density was 2.07/1000 bed-days (CI 2.01-2.13). The majority of NRVG were diagnosed at the General Pediatrics Ward (206 cases, 44%) and Allergology and Pulmonology Ward (122 cases, 26%), where the mean duration of hospital stay was longer than 5 days (9.9 ± 1.0 and 6.1 ± 0.8 days, respectively). Primary causes of hospitalization of the children with nosocomial rotavirus gastroenterocolitis were respiratory tract infections (including pneumonia, bronchitis, and otitis media) present in 287 cases (61.2%). The nosocomial rotavirus infection was mostly diagnosed among patients aged 6 months - 2 years (201 cases, 42.8%), less common were infections among infants younger than 6 months (133 cases, 28.3%) and children aged 2-6 (115 cases, 24.5%). The mean age of a child with NRVG was 16.2 ± 10.2. In conclusion, rotavirus gastroenteritis is the most important nosocomial infection in children hospitalized due to respiratory tract infections and can prolong their hospital stay.
轮状病毒是导致儿童社区获得性和医院获得性胃肠炎的主要原因。有关中欧国家医院获得性轮状病毒胃肠炎（NRVG）的流行病学数据很少。我们的研究目的是分析波兰华沙一家儿童医院 NRVG 的流行病学情况，该院的大多数儿童因呼吸道感染而入院。对 2006 年至 2009 年期间住院的 49697 名 0-18 岁患者的病历进行了回顾性分析。NRVG 被定义为急性胃肠炎（24 小时内出现 3 次以上稀便或呕吐），如果症状在入院后 48 小时以上出现，则通过快速免疫层析试验确认。共诊断出 469 例 NRVG。医院的 NRVG 累积发病率为 0.97%（CI 0.86-1.02），累积发病率密度为 2.07/1000 住院日（CI 2.01-2.13）。大多数 NRVG 发生在普通儿科病房（206 例，44%）和过敏和肺病病房（122 例，26%），这些病房的平均住院时间超过 5 天（分别为 9.9 ± 1.0 和 6.1 ± 0.8 天）。患有医院获得性轮状病毒胃肠炎的儿童住院的主要原因是呼吸道感染（包括肺炎、支气管炎和中耳炎），共有 287 例（61.2%）。医院感染的轮状病毒主要发生在 6 个月至 2 岁的患者中（201 例，42.8%），较少见于 6 个月以下的婴儿（133 例，28.3%）和 2-6 岁的儿童（115 例，24.5%）。NRVG 患儿的平均年龄为 16.2 ± 10.2 岁。总之，轮状病毒胃肠炎是因呼吸道感染住院的儿童中最重要的医院获得性感染，可延长其住院时间。
