Department of Neurological Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07101, USA.
Neurosurg Focus. 2012 Aug;33(2):E5. doi: 10.3171/2012.5.FOCUS12129.
A little over a century ago, in 1907, at the University of Innsbruck, Hermann Schloffer performed the first transsphenoidal surgery on a living patient harboring a pituitary adenoma. Schloffer used a superior nasal route via a transfacial lateral rhinotomy incision. This was perhaps his greatest academic contribution to neurosurgery. Despite the technological limitations of that time, Schloffer's operation was groundbreaking in that it laid the foundation for future development and refinement of transsphenoidal pituitary surgery, influencing prominent surgeons such as Oskar Hirsch and Harvey Cushing. Even after undergoing multiple modifications and a brief fall into obscurity, the transsphenoidal approach has endured through generations of surgeons and remains the preferred approach for lesions of the sella turcica to this day. Although Schloffer performed primarily abdominal surgery in his practice, his contributions to the transsphenoidal approach have had a lasting impact in the field of pituitary and skull base surgery. The authors review the life and career of Hermann Schloffer, the surgical details of his transsphenoidal operation, and the legacy that it has left on the field of pituitary surgery.
一个多世纪以前，即 1907 年，在因斯布鲁克大学，赫尔曼·施洛夫（Hermann Schloffer）为一位患有垂体腺瘤的活体患者进行了首例经蝶窦手术。施洛夫采用经面部外侧鼻切开术的鼻上部入路。这也许是他对神经外科的最大学术贡献。尽管当时存在技术限制，但施洛夫的手术具有开创性，为经蝶窦垂体手术的未来发展和完善奠定了基础，影响了奥斯卡·希罗弗（Oskar Hirsch）和哈维·库欣（Harvey Cushing）等著名外科医生。即使经过多次修改和短暂的沉寂，经蝶窦入路仍然经受住了几代外科医生的考验，至今仍是鞍区病变的首选入路。尽管施洛夫在实践中主要进行腹部手术，但他对经蝶窦入路的贡献对垂体和颅底外科领域产生了持久的影响。作者回顾了赫尔曼·施洛夫的生平与职业生涯、他的经蝶窦手术细节以及该手术为垂体外科领域留下的遗产。
