Kim Hwasoon, Cho Ok Min, Cho Hyo Im, Kim Ju Yeun
Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
J Korean Acad Nurs. 2012 Jun;42(3):396-404. doi: 10.4040/jkan.2012.42.3.396.
The purpose of this study was to identify the features, risk scores and risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in critically ill patients who developed deep vein thrombosis in their lower extremities.
The participants in this prospective descriptive study were 175 adult patients who did not receive any prophylactic medication or mechanical therapy during their admission in the intensive care unit.
The mean age was 62.24 (±17.28) years. Men made up 54.9% of the participating patients. There were significant differences in age, body mass index, and leg swelling between patients who developed deep vein thrombosis and those who did not have deep vein thrombosis. The mean risk score was 6.71(±2.94) and they had on average 4.01(±1.35) risk factors. In the multiple logistic regression, body mass index (odds ratio=1.14) and leg swelling (odds ratio=6.05) were significant predictors of deep vein thrombosis.
Most critically ill patients are in the potentially high risk group for deep vein thrombosis. However, patients who are elderly, obese or have leg edema should be closely assessed and more than one type of active prophylactic intervention should be provided.
本研究旨在确定在重症监护病房发生下肢深静脉血栓形成的重症患者深静脉血栓形成的特征、风险评分及危险因素。
本前瞻性描述性研究的参与者为175例成年患者，这些患者在重症监护病房住院期间未接受任何预防性药物治疗或机械治疗。
平均年龄为62.24（±17.28）岁。男性占参与研究患者的54.9%。发生深静脉血栓形成的患者与未发生深静脉血栓形成的患者在年龄、体重指数和腿部肿胀方面存在显著差异。平均风险评分为6.71（±2.94），平均有4.01（±1.35）个危险因素。在多元逻辑回归分析中，体重指数（比值比=1.14）和腿部肿胀（比值比=6.05）是深静脉血栓形成的显著预测因素。
大多数重症患者属于深静脉血栓形成的潜在高危人群。然而，对于老年、肥胖或有腿部水肿的患者，应进行密切评估，并应提供一种以上类型的积极预防性干预措施。
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