Kim Y H, Shin H S
Taehan Kanho. 1990 Dec 31;29(5):69-83.
This research is based on the communication system theory which considers the family as a communication system or a communication network and which understand interpersonal relations among family members through a communication. This research is intended to define the difference of Parent-Adolescent Child communication between the model student family and the delinquent adolescent family, and also found the factors affecting parent-adolescent child communication. This aims to clarify wether a delinquent behavior is associated with family members' relations caused by dysfunctional communication between parents and their child, moreover explorate their problem to find the method of nursing intervention for prevention and treatment for delinquency. Subjects are 190 families (570 persons: father, mother, adolescent child) of model high school students and 87 families (261 persons) of delinquent adolescents. The employed tool is Olson et al's Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (PAC, 20 items). The followings are the results derived through hypotheses verification. First, Comparison of two groups showed a significant difference in Parent-Adolescent Communication (t = 2.77, p less than 0.1). In the communication of delinquent group showed lower response than the model group. And also communication of the model group was more opened and positive (t = 2.41, p less than .05), and showed fewer problems (t = 2.06, p less than .05), the delinquent group had more problems. 2ndary, the delinquent group showed significantly more disagreement in response to variable of PAC than the model group. As analyzing of factors affects the Parents-Adolescent Communication, the best method to protect juvenile from delinquency are consistent open-hearted, congruent communication with mutual concern and warm mind between parents and child. And even though the all family don't hardly send together their time for their job, parents have to arrange many times to hold communication with children and to listen attentively to and respond to them, and so to increase their satisfaction for their parents. In conclusion, it seems that delinquent behavior is the outcome caused by dysfunctional communication between the parents and the child because of severe generation gap at adolescence period when the child needs communication with their parents. Therefore, it seems that the delinquent adolescent is the scape-goat of the family. Finally, it seems that more effective method to solve juvenile delinquents increasing day by day, is the family therapy that all family members participate than the individual therapy.
本研究基于沟通系统理论，该理论将家庭视为一个沟通系统或沟通网络，并通过沟通来理解家庭成员之间的人际关系。本研究旨在界定模范学生家庭与青少年犯罪家庭中亲子沟通的差异，并找出影响亲子沟通的因素。这旨在阐明青少年犯罪行为是否与父母和孩子之间功能失调的沟通所导致的家庭成员关系有关，此外，探索他们的问题，以找到预防和治疗青少年犯罪的护理干预方法。研究对象为190个模范高中生家庭（570人：父亲、母亲、青少年子女）和87个青少年犯罪家庭（261人）。所使用的工具是奥尔森等人的亲子沟通量表（PAC，20个项目）。以下是通过假设验证得出的结果。首先，两组比较显示亲子沟通存在显著差异（t = 2.77，p小于0.1）。犯罪组的沟通反应低于模范组。而且模范组的沟通更开放、积极（t = 2.41，p小于0.05），问题更少（t = 2.06，p小于0.05），犯罪组问题更多。其次，犯罪组在对PAC变量的反应上比模范组表现出更多的分歧。在分析影响亲子沟通的因素时，保护青少年免受犯罪影响的最佳方法是父母与孩子之间保持一致、坦诚、相互关心且充满温情的沟通。尽管所有家庭因工作很难一起共度时光，但父母必须安排多次与孩子沟通，认真倾听并回应他们，从而提高他们对父母的满意度。总之，青少年犯罪行为似乎是由于青春期孩子需要与父母沟通时出现严重代沟，导致父母与孩子之间功能失调的沟通所产生的结果。因此，青少年犯罪者似乎是家庭的替罪羊。最后，似乎解决日益增多的青少年犯罪问题的更有效方法是让所有家庭成员参与的家庭治疗，而不是个体治疗。
