Choi Kang-Young, Yang Jung-Dug, Chung Ho-Yun, Cho Byung-Chae
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Arch Plast Surg. 2012 Jul;39(4):291-300. doi: 10.5999/aps.2012.39.4.291. Epub 2012 Jul 13.
The incidence of condylar fractures is high, but the management of fractures of the mandibular condyle continues to be controversial. Historically, maxillomandibular fixation, external fixation, and surgical splints with internal fixation systems were the techniques commonly used in the treatment of the fractured mandible. Condylar fractures can be extracapsular or intracapsular, undisplaced, deviated, displaced, or dislocated. Treatment depends on the age of the patient, the co-existence of other mandibular or maxillary fractures, whether the condylar fracture is unilateral or bilateral, the level and displacement of the fracture, the state of dentition and dental occlusion, and the surgeonnds on the age of the patient, the co-existence of othefrom which it is difficult to recover aesthetically and functionally;an appropriate treatment is required to reconstruct the shape and achieve the function ofthe uninjured status. To do this, accurate diagnosis, appropriate reduction and rigid fixation, and complication prevention are required. In particular, as mandibular condyle fracture may cause long-term complications such as malocclusion, particularly open bite, reduced posterior facial height, and facial asymmetry in addition to chronic pain and mobility limitation, great caution should be taken. Accordingly, the authors review a general overview of condyle fracture.
髁突骨折的发生率很高，但下颌髁突骨折的治疗仍存在争议。从历史上看，颌间固定、外固定以及带有内固定系统的手术夹板是治疗下颌骨骨折常用的技术。髁突骨折可以是囊外或囊内骨折，无移位、偏斜、移位或脱位。治疗取决于患者的年龄、是否存在其他下颌或上颌骨折、髁突骨折是单侧还是双侧、骨折的部位和移位情况、牙列和牙合的状态以及外科医生的经验。由于髁突骨折很难在美学和功能上恢复到受伤前的状态，因此需要采取适当的治疗方法来重建其形状并实现其未受伤状态的功能。为此，需要进行准确的诊断、适当的复位和坚固的固定，并预防并发症。特别是，由于下颌髁突骨折除了会导致长期并发症，如错牙合，尤其是开合、面后高度降低和面部不对称外，还会引起慢性疼痛和活动受限，因此应格外谨慎。因此，作者回顾了髁突骨折的总体概况。
