综合征理论与年轻跨性别女性中的 HIV 相关风险：多种同时发生的健康问题和社会边缘化的作用。
Syndemic theory and HIV-related risk among young transgender women: the role of multiple, co-occurring health problems and social marginalization.
机构信息
Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2012 Sep;102(9):1751-7. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300433. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
OBJECTIVES
We assessed whether multiple psychosocial factors are additive in their relationship to sexual risk behavior and self-reported HIV status (i.e., can be characterized as a syndemic) among young transgender women and the relationship of indicators of social marginalization to psychosocial factors.
METHODS
Participants (n = 151) were aged 15 to 24 years and lived in Chicago or Los Angeles. We collected data on psychosocial factors (low self-esteem, polysubstance use, victimization related to transgender identity, and intimate partner violence) and social marginalization indicators (history of commercial sex work, homelessness, and incarceration) through an interviewer-administered survey.
RESULTS
Syndemic factors were positively and additively related to sexual risk behavior and self-reported HIV infection. In addition, our syndemic index was significantly related to 2 indicators of social marginalization: a history of sex work and previous incarceration.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings provide evidence for a syndemic of co-occurring psychosocial and health problems in young transgender women, taking place in a context of social marginalization.
目的
我们评估了多种心理社会因素在年轻跨性别女性的性行为风险和自我报告的 HIV 状况（即，是否可以被描述为一种综合征）之间的关系中是否具有相加性（即是否可以被描述为一种综合征），以及社会边缘化指标与心理社会因素的关系。
方法
参与者（n=151）年龄在 15 至 24 岁之间，居住在芝加哥或洛杉矶。我们通过访谈者管理的调查收集了心理社会因素（低自尊、多种物质使用、与跨性别认同相关的受害和亲密伴侣暴力）和社会边缘化指标（商业性工作、无家可归和监禁的历史）的数据。
结果
综合征因素与性行为风险和自我报告的 HIV 感染呈正相关且具有相加性。此外，我们的综合征指数与 2 个社会边缘化指标显著相关：性工作历史和以前的监禁。
结论
这些发现为年轻跨性别女性中同时存在的心理社会和健康问题的综合征提供了证据，这些问题发生在社会边缘化的背景下。
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