Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Autophagy. 2012 Oct;8(10):1523-5. doi: 10.4161/auto.21154. Epub 2012 Aug 15.
Low vitamin D levels in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV) infected persons are associated with more rapid disease progression and increased risk for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. We report that physiological concentrations of 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25D3), the active form of vitamin D, inhibits M. tuberculosis and HIV replication in co-infected macrophages through human cathelicidin microbial peptide-dependent autophagy that requires phagosomal maturation. These findings provide a biological explanation for the importance of vitamin D sufficiency in HIV and M. tuberculosis-infected persons, and provide new insights into novel approaches to prevent and treat HIV infection and related opportunistic infections.
人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型（HIV）感染者体内维生素 D 水平较低与疾病进展更快和结核分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis）感染风险增加有关。我们报告称，生理浓度的 1α,25-二羟胆钙化醇（1,25D3），即维生素 D 的活性形式，通过人防御素微生物肽依赖性自噬抑制感染巨噬细胞中的结核分枝杆菌和 HIV 复制，这种自噬需要吞噬体成熟。这些发现为维生素 D 在 HIV 和结核分枝杆菌感染者中的重要性提供了生物学解释，并为预防和治疗 HIV 感染和相关机会性感染提供了新的见解。
