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柏拉图《法律篇》中的医患关系:反思的背景

The doctor-patient tie in Plato's Laws: a backdrop for reflection.

作者信息

Levin Susan B

机构信息

Department of Philosophy, Dewey Hall, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA.

出版信息

J Med Philos. 2012 Aug;37(4):351-72. doi: 10.1093/jmp/jhs025. Epub 2012 Aug 21.

Abstract

The merit of Plato's Laws remains largely untapped by those seeking genuinely collaborative models of the doctor-patient tie as alternatives to paternalism and autonomy. A persistent difficulty confronting proposed alternatives has been surpassing the notion of pronounced intellectual and values asymmetry favoring the doctor. Having discussed two prominent proposals, both of which evince marked paternalism, I argue that reflection on Plato yields four criteria that a genuinely collaborative model must meet and suggest how the Laws addresses them. In the process, the Laws' doctor-patient tie is shown to be far more nuanced than interpreters have previously observed. Although Plato's account will not solve our own quandaries, it illustrates how one might retain asymmetry of a kind without capitulating to familiar oppositional modalities. Through this account, I hope to show that the Laws merits fuller inclusion in contemporary discussions than it has heretofore received.

摘要

对于那些寻求真正合作型医患关系模式以替代家长式作风和自主性的人来说,柏拉图《法律篇》的价值在很大程度上仍未得到挖掘。所提出的替代方案一直面临的一个持续难题是,如何超越明显有利于医生的智力和价值观不对称观念。在讨论了两个都表现出明显家长式作风的突出提议之后,我认为对柏拉图的思考产生了真正合作型模式必须满足的四个标准,并提出了《法律篇》是如何解决这些标准的。在此过程中,《法律篇》中的医患关系比以往的解释者所观察到的要细致得多。尽管柏拉图的阐述无法解决我们自己的困境,但它说明了一个人如何在不陷入熟悉的对立模式的情况下保留某种不对称性。通过这一阐述,我希望表明《法律篇》在当代讨论中值得得到比迄今为止更多的充分关注。

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