Hoving E W, Vermeij-Keers C, Mommaas-Kienhuis A M, Hartwig N G
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
Anat Embryol (Berl). 1990;182(5):455-63. doi: 10.1007/BF00178910.
Separation of neural and surface ectoderm after closure of the rostral neuropore in the head region has been described by investigating the integrity of the basement membranes of these epithelia in 11- to 27-somite rat embryos. The basement membranes were visualized with polyclonal antibodies against laminin. Furthermore, cell degeneration has been investigated in relation to neural crest activity, and discontinuities of the basement membrane in 9- to 30-somite mouse embryos. The separation of the basement membranes of neural and surface ectoderm in the midline is a final phase during the fusion of the neural folds, which takes place from the closure of the rostral neuropore, at the 19-somite stage, until the 27-somite stage (rat embryos), and which occurs focally with variation in the midsagittal and the transverse planes. In the prosencephalon, neural crest activity is absent during the separation phase of both epithelia, but cell degeneration may contribute to the separation of the initially connected basement membranes. A disturbance in the separation of the neural and surface ectoderm may be the pathogenetic basis of midline skull defects, and of the fronto-ethmoidal encephalocele in particular.
通过研究11至27体节大鼠胚胎中这些上皮基底膜的完整性，描述了头部区域吻侧神经孔闭合后神经外胚层和表面外胚层的分离。用抗层粘连蛋白的多克隆抗体观察基底膜。此外，还研究了与神经嵴活性相关的细胞变性，以及9至30体节小鼠胚胎中基底膜的连续性。神经外胚层和表面外胚层基底膜在中线的分离是神经褶融合过程中的最后阶段，该过程从吻侧神经孔闭合的19体节阶段开始，直至27体节阶段（大鼠胚胎），并且在矢状面和横切面上呈局灶性变化。在前脑，在两种上皮的分离阶段不存在神经嵴活性，但细胞变性可能有助于最初相连的基底膜的分离。神经外胚层和表面外胚层分离的紊乱可能是中线颅骨缺陷，尤其是额筛脑膨出的发病基础。
