Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
Am J Hum Biol. 2012 Nov-Dec;24(6):739-45. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.22309. Epub 2012 Aug 22.
Despite ample evidence of variation in timing of menopause, little is known about the extent or underlying causes of individual variation in ovarian reserve and age-related follicular decline. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a hormonal marker of ovarian reserve, may be a useful tool to clarify these questions. We describe AMH in a cohort of Filipino young adult women, and evaluate whether ovarian reserve in early adulthood relates to measures of life history scheduling (menarcheal age) and reproductive effort (parity).
Data and samples are obtained from 294 nonpregnant participants (21.5 years ± 0.3) in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. Plasma AMH was assayed using an enzyme immunoassay and relationships between AMH, menarcheal age, and parity were examined.
Mean AMH was 4.3 ng/mL. In multiple regression models, women who experienced menarche earlier had significantly higher AMH as young adults (P < 0.05). Women with two (P < 0.05) and three or more (P < 0.01) children had significantly lower AMH than those with no children. These associations were independent of age, smoking, and body mass index.
These findings suggest that individual variation in life history scheduling and reproductive history could contribute to variation in ovarian reserve. Moreover, they demonstrate the utility of AMH as a tool for human reproductive ecology, and highlight the need for further research clarifying the extent of human population variation in ovarian reserve and the behavioral and ecological influences underlying this variation.
尽管有大量证据表明绝经时间存在差异，但对于卵巢储备和与年龄相关的卵泡衰退个体差异的程度及其潜在原因知之甚少。抗苗勒管激素（AMH）是卵巢储备的激素标志物，可能是澄清这些问题的有用工具。我们描述了菲律宾年轻成年女性队列中的 AMH，并评估了成年早期的卵巢储备是否与生活史安排（初潮年龄）和生殖努力（生育次数）有关。
数据和样本来自 Cebu 纵向健康和营养调查的 294 名非孕妇参与者（21.5 岁±0.3）。使用酶免疫分析法测定血浆 AMH，检查 AMH 与初潮年龄和生育次数之间的关系。
平均 AMH 为 4.3ng/ml。在多元回归模型中，初潮较早的女性成年后 AMH 明显较高（P<0.05）。生育两个（P<0.05）和三个或更多孩子的女性 AMH 明显低于没有孩子的女性（P<0.01）。这些关联独立于年龄、吸烟和体重指数。
这些发现表明，生活史安排和生殖史的个体差异可能导致卵巢储备的差异。此外，它们证明了 AMH 作为人类生殖生态学工具的实用性，并强调了进一步研究阐明人类卵巢储备的种群差异程度以及这种差异的行为和生态影响的必要性。
