Institute of Molecular Genetics AS CR, Videnska 1083, Prague, Czech Republic.
Anim Reprod Sci. 2012 Sep;134(1-2):64-8. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.08.012. Epub 2012 Aug 11.
RNA interference (RNAi), a sequence-specific mRNA degradation induced by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), is a common approach employed to specifically silence genes. Experimental RNAi in plant and invertebrate models is frequently induced by long dsRNA. However, in mammals, short RNA molecules are used preferentially since long dsRNA can provoke sequence-independent type I interferon response. A notable exception are mammalian oocytes where the interferon response is suppressed and long dsRNA is a potent and specific trigger of RNAi. Transgenic RNAi is an adaptation of RNAi allowing for inducing sequence-specific silencing upon expression of dsRNA. A decade ago, we have developed a vector for oocyte-specific expression of dsRNA, which has been used to study gene function in mouse oocytes on numerous occasions. This review provides an overview and discusses benefits and drawbacks encountered by us and our colleagues while working with the oocytes-specific transgenic RNAi system.
RNA 干扰（RNAi）是一种由双链 RNA（dsRNA）诱导的特异性 mRNA 降解，是一种常用的基因特异性沉默方法。植物和无脊椎动物模型中的实验性 RNAi 通常由长 dsRNA 诱导。然而，在哺乳动物中，优先使用短 RNA 分子，因为长 dsRNA 会引发非序列依赖性的 I 型干扰素反应。一个显著的例外是哺乳动物卵母细胞，其中干扰素反应被抑制，长 dsRNA 是 RNAi 的有效和特异性触发物。转基因 RNAi 是 RNAi 的一种适应，允许在表达 dsRNA 时诱导序列特异性沉默。十年前，我们开发了一种用于卵母细胞特异性表达 dsRNA 的载体，该载体已被多次用于研究小鼠卵母细胞中的基因功能。这篇综述提供了一个概述，并讨论了我们和我们的同事在使用卵母细胞特异性转基因 RNAi 系统时遇到的优点和缺点。
