Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-2250, USA.
Psychooncology. 2013 Jun;22(6):1306-11. doi: 10.1002/pon.3137. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
Mortality from mouth and throat cancer (MTC) is higher among Black Americans than White Americans partially because of late stage detection through screening. The disparity in mortality is particularly problematic among Black Americans living in rural areas who have limited access to preventative resources. Our study explored barriers to screening for MTC among Black Americans.
We conducted nine focus groups among rural Black Americans age 40 years and older (N = 80).
Content coding of the transcripts of the focus groups revealed three primary barriers to screening. Lack of knowledge (e.g., not knowing about MTC and not knowing MTC symptoms) accounted for 31.8% of all barriers mentioned, lack of resources (e.g., lack of money and health insurance) accounted for 25.0% of all barriers mentioned, and fear (e.g., fear of screening and diagnosis) accounted for 22.9% of all barriers mentioned.
We placed these barriers within the Theory of Planned Behavior and conclude that interventions aimed at increasing MTC screening among rural Black Americans should first focus on changing people's attitudes about screening by increasing knowledge about MTC and reducing fear.
美国黑人群体中口腔和咽喉癌（MTC）的死亡率高于美国白人群体，部分原因是通过筛查发现的晚期病例较多。在农村地区的黑人群体中，这种死亡率的差异尤其严重，因为他们获得预防资源的机会有限。我们的研究探讨了美国黑人进行 MTC 筛查的障碍。
我们对年龄在 40 岁及以上的农村黑人进行了 9 组焦点小组讨论（N=80）。
对焦点小组记录的内容进行编码显示，筛查的主要障碍有三个。缺乏知识（例如，不了解 MTC 和 MTC 症状）占所有提到的障碍的 31.8%，缺乏资源（例如，缺乏资金和医疗保险）占所有提到的障碍的 25.0%，恐惧（例如，害怕筛查和诊断）占所有提到的障碍的 22.9%。
我们将这些障碍置于计划行为理论中，并得出结论，旨在增加农村黑人群体中 MTC 筛查的干预措施应首先通过增加对 MTC 的了解和减少恐惧来改变人们对筛查的态度。
