Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16#, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China.
Clin Oral Investig. 2013 Jun;17(5):1425-35. doi: 10.1007/s00784-012-0822-1.
This study aimed to assess chewing ability related to dental status.
One thousand four hundred sixty-two Chinese subjects over 40 years, dentate in both jaws, were categorized in a hierarchical functional classification system with and without tooth replacements. Chewing ability was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression including five dental conditions ( "≥10 teeth in each jaw"; "complete anterior regions"; "sufficient premolar regions" (≥3 posterior occluding pairs (POPs)); "sufficient molar regions" (bilaterally ≥1 POP); and tooth replacement), adjusted for six background variables. Likelihood ratios for chewing problems were assessed at each level of the hierarchical classification system based on these dental conditions.
Seventy-eight to 91 % of subjects reported no or minor chewing problems. The conditions "≥10 teeth in each jaw", and "complete anterior regions" were not associated, whereas "sufficient premolar regions" and "sufficient molar regions" were associated with chewing problems (Ors, 0.33–0.58). If classified hierarchically, the condition "≥10 teeth in each jaw" was relevant for chewing problems (likelihood ratios 3.3–3.7). "Sufficient premolar region" and "sufficient molar region" were relevant to reduce the likelihood ratios for having chewing problems (both approximately with a factor 2), both for soft and for hard foods. Subjects with artificial teeth added had similar chance for chewing problems compared to counterparts with natural teeth only. However, if comparing replaced teeth with natural teeth, subjects with tooth replacement showed higher chance for chewing problems.
Chewing ability was strongly associated with dental conditions.
The presence of at least 10 teeth in each jaw had highest impact on chewing ability.
本研究旨在评估与牙齿状况相关的咀嚼能力。
本研究共纳入 1462 名年龄在 40 岁以上、上下颌均有牙齿的中国受试者。根据有无牙列修复体，将受试者分为不同的功能分类系统。使用多变量逻辑回归分析咀嚼能力，纳入 5 项牙齿状况（“上下颌各有 10 颗以上牙齿”；“前牙区完整”；“足够的前磨牙区（≥3 对后牙咬合接触点（POPs））”；“足够的磨牙区（双侧各有≥1 对 POPs）”；以及牙列修复体），并调整了 6 项背景变量。基于这些牙齿状况，在分层分类系统的各个层次上评估咀嚼问题的似然比。
78%至 91%的受试者报告无或轻度咀嚼问题。“上下颌各有 10 颗以上牙齿”和“前牙区完整”这两个条件无相关性，而“足够的前磨牙区”和“足够的磨牙区”与咀嚼问题相关（比值比 0.33-0.58）。如果进行分层分类，“上下颌各有 10 颗以上牙齿”这一条件与咀嚼问题相关（似然比 3.3-3.7）。“足够的前磨牙区”和“足够的磨牙区”可降低咀嚼问题的似然比（两者对于软、硬食物的影响均约为 2 倍）。有义齿的受试者与仅有天然牙的受试者相比，咀嚼问题的发生几率相似。然而，如果将修复牙与天然牙进行比较，有牙列修复的受试者发生咀嚼问题的几率更高。
咀嚼能力与牙齿状况密切相关。
上下颌各有至少 10 颗牙齿对咀嚼能力的影响最大。
