Chiandotto Valeria
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia General Hospital, Udine, Italy.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012 Oct;25 Suppl 4:70-1. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2012.715028.
Non invasive ventilation plays a key role in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) activity and several instruments have recently been developed that are designed to maintain positive pressure in order to improve functional residual capacity of the lung. However, devices used to provide non-invasive respiratory assistance are frequently a cause of discomfort when applied to a fragile neonate. Indeed, they are applied for lengthy periods in low birth weight (VLBW) infants. In addition to these side effects we have to consider several other stressful events. In our opinion, reducing invasiveness in the NICU is a process where the main steps are recognizing a need for the organization of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures with respect for the rhythm of the newborn, recognizing the fragility of preterm newborns and their brain plasticity, improving environmental standards in both structural terms and staff behaviour, and promoting the active role of parents in supporting the development of the newborn.
无创通气在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的工作中起着关键作用，最近已开发出多种仪器，旨在维持正压以提高肺的功能残气量。然而，用于提供无创呼吸辅助的设备在应用于脆弱的新生儿时常常会导致不适。实际上，它们在低出生体重（VLBW）婴儿中需要长时间使用。除了这些副作用外，我们还必须考虑其他一些应激事件。我们认为，降低NICU的侵入性是一个过程，其主要步骤包括认识到需要按照新生儿的节奏组织诊断和治疗程序，认识到早产儿的脆弱性及其脑可塑性，在结构方面和工作人员行为方面改善环境标准，以及促进父母在支持新生儿发育方面发挥积极作用。
