INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2012 Sep 7;10:76. doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-10-76.
Progesterone (P4) may modulate oviductal functions to promote early embryo development in cattle. In addition to its nuclear receptor (PR), P4 may mediate its actions through P4 receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) and its relative, PGRMC2. Two successive experiments were undertaken to characterise the expression of PR, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 in the bovine oviduct during the post-ovulation period, and to relate their expression to the presence of an embryo, the proximity of the CL and to the region of the oviduct.
In the first experiment (Exp. I), whole oviduct sections were collected from Holstein cows at Day 1.5, Day 4 and Day 5 post-ovulation (n = 2 cows per stage). The expression of PR, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 was studied in the ampulla and isthmus by RT-PCR, western-blot and immunohistochemistry. In Exp. II, oviduct epithelial cells were collected from cyclic and pregnant Charolais cows (n = 4 cows per status) at Day 3.5 post-ovulation and mRNA expression of PR, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 was examined in the ampulla and isthmus by real-time quantitative PCR.
In Exp. I, PR, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 were expressed in all oviduct samples. PGRMC1 was mainly localised in the luminal epithelium whereas PR and PGRMC2 were localised in the epithelium as well as in the muscle and stroma layers of the oviduct. The expression was primarily nuclear for PR, primarily cytoplasmic for PGRMC1 and both nuclear and cytoplasmic for PGRMC2. In Exp. II, mRNA levels for PR, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 were not affected by either the pregnancy status or the side relative to the CL. However, the expression of PR and PGRMC2 varied significantly with the region of the oviduct: PR was more highly expressed in the isthmus whereas PGRMC2 was more highly expressed in the ampulla.
This is the first evidence of PGRMC2 expression in the bovine oviduct. Our findings suggest that P4 regulates the functions of the bovine oviduct in a region-specific manner and through both classical and non classical pathways during the post-ovulation period.
孕酮（P4）可能通过调节输卵管功能来促进牛早期胚胎发育。除了其核受体（PR）外，P4 还可以通过 P4 受体膜成分 1（PGRMC1）及其相对物 PGRMC2 来介导其作用。进行了两项连续实验，以研究牛输卵管在排卵后期间 PR、PGRMC1 和 PGRMC2 的表达情况，并将其表达与胚胎的存在、CL 的接近程度以及输卵管的区域相关联。
在第一个实验（实验 I）中，从荷斯坦奶牛的排卵后第 1.5 天、第 4 天和第 5 天收集整个输卵管切片（每个阶段 2 头奶牛）。通过 RT-PCR、western-blot 和免疫组织化学研究 PR、PGRMC1 和 PGRMC2 在输卵管壶腹和峡部的表达。在实验 II 中，从循环和怀孕的夏洛来牛中收集排卵后第 3.5 天的输卵管上皮细胞，并通过实时定量 PCR 检查 PR、PGRMC1 和 PGRMC2 在输卵管壶腹和峡部的 mRNA 表达。
在实验 I 中，PR、PGRMC1 和 PGRMC2 在所有输卵管样本中均有表达。PGRMC1 主要定位于腔上皮，而 PR 和 PGRMC2 则定位于输卵管的上皮以及肌肉和基质层。PR 的表达主要为核，PGRMC1 的表达主要为细胞质，PGRMC2 的表达为核和细胞质。在实验 II 中，PR、PGRMC1 和 PGRMC2 的 mRNA 水平不受怀孕状态或与 CL 相对的侧的影响。然而，PR 和 PGRMC2 的表达与输卵管的区域显著不同：PR 在峡部的表达较高，而 PGRMC2 在壶腹的表达较高。
这是首次在牛输卵管中发现 PGRMC2 的表达。我们的研究结果表明，P4 在排卵后期间以区域特异性的方式通过经典和非经典途径调节牛输卵管的功能。
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