State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P, R, China.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2012 Jun 20;3(1):18. doi: 10.1186/2049-1891-3-18.
This review focuses on the diversity of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes and Ig isotypes that are expressed in domestic animals. Four livestock species-cattle, sheep, pigs, and horses-express a full range of Ig heavy chains (IgHs), including μ, δ, γ, ϵ, and α. Two poultry species (chickens and ducks) express three IgH isotypes, μ, υ, and α, but not δ. The κ and λ light chains are both utilized in the four livestock species, but only the λ chain is expressed in poultry. V(D)J recombination, somatic hypermutation (SHM), and gene conversion (GC) are three distinct mechanisms by which immunoglobulin variable region diversity is generated. Different domestic animals may use distinct means to diversify rearranged variable regions of Ig genes.
本文重点介绍了在家畜中表达的免疫球蛋白（Ig）基因和 Ig 同种型的多样性。牛、绵羊、猪和马这四种家畜表达完整的 Ig 重链（IgH），包括 μ、δ、γ、ε 和 α。鸡和鸭这两种家禽表达三种 IgH 同种型，即 μ、υ 和 α，但不表达 δ。κ 和 λ 轻链均在这四种家畜中使用，但仅在禽类中表达 λ 链。V(D)J 重组、体细胞高频突变 (SHM) 和基因转换 (GC) 是产生免疫球蛋白可变区多样性的三种不同机制。不同的家畜可能利用不同的方式来多样化 Ig 基因重排的可变区。
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