Allergy Research Group, Department of Dermatology, University Freiburg Medical Center, Hauptstrasse 7, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2012 Dec;24(6):720-9. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2012.08.003. Epub 2012 Sep 11.
Many xenobiotic chemicals cause sterile inflammation. This xenoinflammation is often induced by protein reactive contact allergens resulting in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Recent findings reveal that these chemicals mimick infection by triggering innate immune responses via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and endogenous danger signals. The emerging cellular responses in ACD are mediated by various innate effector cells. Here, an important role for mast cells has now been recognized. Eventually, chemical specific T cells such as CD8+ and CD4+ Tc1/Th1 as well as Tc17/Th17 cells are activated. Langerhans cells may serve a tolerogenic function. The mechanisms of tolerance induction by ultraviolet irradiation or by very low doses of contact allergen are now understood in much greater detail.
许多异源生物化学物质会引起无菌性炎症。这种异源炎症通常是由蛋白质反应性接触过敏原引起的，导致过敏性接触性皮炎 (ACD)。最近的研究结果表明，这些化学物质通过模式识别受体 (PRRs) 和内源性危险信号触发先天免疫反应，从而模拟感染。ACD 中的新兴细胞反应由各种先天效应细胞介导。在这里，肥大细胞的重要作用现在已经得到了认可。最终，化学特异性 T 细胞，如 CD8+ 和 CD4+Tc1/Th1 以及 Tc17/Th17 细胞被激活。朗格汉斯细胞可能具有耐受功能。紫外线照射或极低剂量接触过敏原诱导耐受的机制现在已经有了更详细的了解。
