University of Iowa Injury Prevention Research Center and the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012 Dec;27(6):503-8. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X1200129X. Epub 2012 Oct 3.
Globally, floods are the most common and among the most devastating of natural disasters. Natural disasters such as floods impact local businesses, increasing local unemployment by up to 8.2%. Previous research has linked individual losses from disasters with symptoms such as posttraumatic stress disorder. However, little is known about the impact of work disruption and job loss on post-disaster psychological symptoms. University students, who are often living far away from family support structures and have limited resources, may be particularly vulnerable. This study examines student psychological health following a large flood at a university.
Students who experienced flood-related job loss or disruption had a higher proportion of psychological symptoms than those who did not experience job loss or disruption, controlling for individual loss such as injury, home loss or evacuation.
On June 8, 2008, a major flood affected seven US Midwestern states. A total of two dozen people were killed and 148 injured, although no deaths or serious injuries were reported in the population used for this study. At the study university, operations were closed for one week, and 20 buildings were severely damaged. A cross-sectional survey of all students enrolled during the semester of the flood was conducted. Students were sent an online survey six weeks after the flood. In addition to questions about damage to their homes, the survey asked students if their work was disrupted because of the floods. Symptoms of PTSD were measured through the modified Child PTSD Symptom Scale.
Of the 1,231 responding students with complete surveys, 667 (54.2%) reported that their work was disrupted due to the floods. Controlling for gender, ethnicity, grade, and damage to the student's home, students reporting work disruption were more than four times more likely to report PTSD symptoms (95% CI, 2.5-8.2). Work disruption was independently associated with decreases in general mental and physical health following the floods, as well as with increases in alcohol use.
Disaster research has focused on damage to individuals and homes, but there has been little focus on work losses. Individuals who lose their jobs may be a vulnerable population post-disaster.
在全球范围内，洪水是最常见的自然灾害之一，也是最具破坏性的自然灾害之一。洪水等自然灾害会影响当地企业，使当地失业率增加高达 8.2%。先前的研究将个人因灾害造成的损失与创伤后应激障碍等症状联系起来。然而，对于工作中断和失业对灾后心理症状的影响知之甚少。大学生通常远离家庭支持结构，资源有限，可能特别容易受到影响。本研究考察了一所大学发生大型洪灾后学生的心理健康状况。
经历与洪水相关的失业或工作中断的学生比没有经历失业或工作中断的学生出现更多心理症状，同时控制个体损失，如受伤、房屋损失或疏散。
2008 年 6 月 8 日，一场特大洪水影响了美国中西部的七个州。共有 24 人遇难，148 人受伤，而本研究所涉及的人群中没有死亡或重伤报告。在受灾的研究大学，学校关闭了一周，20 座建筑物严重受损。在洪水发生后的一个学期，对所有在校学生进行了横断面调查。洪水发生六周后，向学生发送了在线调查。除了询问他们家庭的损失外，调查还询问学生他们的工作是否因洪水而中断。通过修改后的儿童创伤后应激障碍症状量表来衡量创伤后应激障碍症状。
在 1231 名回复且调查完整的学生中，有 667 名（54.2%）报告说他们的工作因洪水而中断。控制性别、种族、年级和学生家庭的损失，报告工作中断的学生报告创伤后应激障碍症状的可能性是四倍多（95%置信区间，2.5-8.2）。工作中断与洪水后一般心理健康和身体健康下降以及饮酒增加独立相关。
灾害研究一直集中在个人和家庭的损失上，但对工作损失的关注较少。失业的人可能是灾后的一个脆弱群体。
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