Department of Anatomy, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Exp Parasitol. 2013 Jan;133(1):18-27. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.10.003. Epub 2012 Oct 16.
The anthelmintic effects of plumbagin (PB, 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) and praziquantel (PZQ) against adult Schistosoma mansoni in vitro were compared by estimating the relative motility (RM) values, survival indices (SI) and alterations of the tegument of flukes incubated in M-199 medium containing 1, 10 and 100 μg/ml of the drugs, at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. For the parasites incubated in 10 μg/ml, the RM values of the PB-treated group decreased at a more rapid rate than the PZQ-treated group. When incubated in 100 μg/ml all PB-treated flukes appeared immobile from 1 to 24 h when 91-100% died, while in the PZQ-treated group RM values were higher than that of PB and most flukes were still alive at 1-12 h, and at 24 h only 21% of flukes were killed. Furthermore, male parasites were more affected by PZQ than females as their RM values were significantly less than that of females at all doses. While in PB treatment, males and females showed less difference in response to the drug as their RM values were closer than those treated with PZQ. When observed by SEM, the tegument of untreated S. mansoni displayed no alteration, while in PB treated parasites it exhibited swelling, blebbing, loss of spines, disruption of tubercles and ridges, leading to erosion and lesion, exposure of the basal lamina, and sloughing of the tegument. PZQ induced similar tegumental changes as those observed in PB treatment but at longer incubation time and higher doses. These data indicated that PB had more anthelmintic effect on both sexes of adult S. mansoni than PZQ.
比较了 5-羟基-2-甲基-1,4-萘醌(PB)和吡喹酮(PZQ)对体外曼氏血吸虫成虫的驱虫效果,通过估计相对运动(RM)值、存活率(SI)和在含有 1、10 和 100μg/ml 药物的 M-199 培养基中孵育的吸虫表皮的变化来评估。对于孵育在 10μg/ml 的寄生虫,与 PZQ 处理组相比,PB 处理组的 RM 值下降速度更快。当孵育在 100μg/ml 时,所有 PB 处理的吸虫在 1 至 24 小时内均无法移动,死亡率为 91-100%,而在 PZQ 处理组中,RM 值高于 PB,大多数吸虫在 1-12 小时内仍存活,在 24 小时时只有 21%的吸虫被杀死。此外,雄性寄生虫比雌性寄生虫更容易受到 PZQ 的影响,因为它们的 RM 值在所有剂量下都显著低于雌性寄生虫。而在 PB 处理中,雄性和雌性对药物的反应差异较小,因为它们的 RM 值比用 PZQ 处理的更接近。用 SEM 观察时,未经处理的曼氏血吸虫表皮无变化,而在 PB 处理的寄生虫中,表皮表现出肿胀、起泡、棘突丢失、结节和脊的破坏,导致侵蚀和损伤,基膜暴露,以及表皮脱落。PZQ 诱导的表皮变化与 PB 处理中观察到的相似,但孵育时间更长,剂量更高。这些数据表明,PB 对曼氏血吸虫成虫的雌雄两性都比 PZQ 具有更强的驱虫效果。