Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
Body Image. 2013 Jan;10(1):103-11. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.09.003. Epub 2012 Oct 24.
Over-estimation of body size is a cardinal feature of anorexia nervosa (AN), usually revealed by comparing individuals who have AN with non-AN individuals, the inference being that over-estimation is pathological. We show that the same result can be reproduced by sampling selectively from a single distribution of performance in body size judgement by comparing low BMI individuals with normal BMI individuals. Over-estimation of body size in AN is not necessarily pathological and can be predicted by normal psychophysical biases in magnitude estimation. We confirm this prediction in a dataset from a morphing study in which 30 women with AN and 137 control women altered a photograph of themselves to estimate their actual body size. We further investigated the relative contributions of sensory and attitudinal factors to body-size overestimation in a sample of 166 women. Our results suggest that both factors play a role, but their relative importance is task dependent.
体型估计过大是神经性厌食症(AN)的一个主要特征,通常通过将患有 AN 的个体与非 AN 个体进行比较来揭示,其推论是这种估计过大是病理性的。我们表明,通过从身体大小判断的单一表现分布中选择性地抽样,也可以得到相同的结果,即将低 BMI 个体与正常 BMI 个体进行比较。AN 中对体型的高估不一定是病理性的,可以通过大小估计的正常心理物理偏差来预测。我们在一项变形研究的数据集(其中包括 30 名患有 AN 的女性和 137 名对照女性)中证实了这一预测,这些女性改变了自己的照片以估计自己的实际体型。我们进一步在 166 名女性样本中研究了感觉和态度因素对体型高估的相对贡献。我们的研究结果表明,这两个因素都起作用,但它们的相对重要性取决于任务。