Wittschieber Daniel, Schmeling Andreas, Schmidt Sven, Heindel Walter, Pfeiffer Heidi, Vieth Volker
Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstraße 23, 48149, Münster, Germany.
Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2013 Mar;9(1):36-43. doi: 10.1007/s12024-012-9379-1. Epub 2012 Nov 9.
Due to increasing international migratory movements, forensic age estimations of living individuals in criminal proceedings are gaining increasing significance for forensic physicians and radiologists involved in delivering expert opinions. The present study examines the suitability of the radiologically well-known Risser sign grading as a possible new criterion in forensic age diagnostics. For this purpose, anteroposterior pelvic radiographs of 643 patients aged between 10 and 30 years were retrospectively evaluated by means of two different Risser sign grading systems (US and French), each with 5 stages. The left and right sides of the pelvis were assessed separately. The data was analyzed with separation of the sexes. Reliable Risser sign determination was possible in 566 cases. In both sexes, stage 4 of both the US and the French grading systems was predominantly first noted at age 14 years. In the US grading system, stage 5 was also first achieved at age 14 years in the majority of both sexes. In the French grading system, females manifested stage 5 at a minimum of 16 years, whereas in males it was first observed at 17 years. As to the nature of iliac crest maturation, interesting deviations were observed at stages 1 and 5, raising doubts about Risser's ossification process. To conclude, both Risser sign grading systems are suitable for forensic age diagnostics, especially to determine whether the 14th year of life has been completed or not. The French Risser sign system additionally allows for statements as to the completion of the 16th year of age.
由于国际移民流动的增加，对于参与提供专家意见的法医和放射科医生来说，在刑事诉讼中对在世个体进行法医年龄估计变得越来越重要。本研究考察了放射学上知名的里塞尔征分级作为法医年龄诊断中一种可能的新标准的适用性。为此，对643例年龄在10至30岁之间的患者的骨盆前后位X线片，采用两种不同的里塞尔征分级系统（美国和法国）进行回顾性评估，每种系统有5个阶段。骨盆的左右两侧分别进行评估。数据按性别分开分析。在566例病例中可以进行可靠的里塞尔征判定。在男女两性中，美国和法国分级系统的4期主要在14岁时首次出现。在美国分级系统中，大多数男女在14岁时也首次达到5期。在法国分级系统中，女性至少在16岁时表现出5期，而男性则在17岁时首次观察到。关于髂嵴成熟的性质，在1期和5期观察到有趣的偏差，这对里塞尔的骨化过程提出了疑问。总之，两种里塞尔征分级系统都适用于法医年龄诊断，特别是用于确定是否已满14岁。法国里塞尔征系统还可以对是否已满16岁作出判断。
