Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Cell Metab. 2012 Dec 5;16(6):706-22. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.08.012. Epub 2012 Nov 15.
Evolution favored individuals with superior cognitive and physical abilities under conditions of limited food sources, and brain function can therefore be optimized by intermittent dietary energy restriction (ER) and exercise. Such energetic challenges engage adaptive cellular stress-response signaling pathways in neurons involving neurotrophic factors, protein chaperones, DNA-repair proteins, autophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis. By suppressing adaptive cellular stress responses, overeating and a sedentary lifestyle may increase the risk of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, stroke, and depression. Intense concerted efforts of governments, families, schools, and physicians will be required to successfully implement brain-healthy lifestyles that incorporate ER and exercise.
在食物资源有限的情况下，进化偏爱具有优越认知和身体能力的个体，因此，间歇性节食（ER）和运动可以优化大脑功能。这种能量挑战涉及神经元中的适应性细胞应激反应信号通路，包括神经营养因子、蛋白质伴侣、DNA 修复蛋白、自噬和线粒体生物发生。通过抑制适应性细胞应激反应，过度饮食和久坐不动的生活方式可能会增加患阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病、中风和抑郁症的风险。政府、家庭、学校和医生需要共同努力，成功实施包含 ER 和运动的健脑生活方式。
