Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Dec;120(6):1527-31. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000423818.85283.bd.
Unintended pregnancy remains a major public health problem in the United States. Access and cost issues are common reasons why women either do not use contraception or have gaps in use. A potential way to improve contraceptive access and use, and possibly decrease unintended pregnancy rates, is to allow over-the-counter access to oral contraceptives (OCs). Screening for cervical cancer or sexually transmitted infections is not medically required to provide hormonal contraception. Concerns include payment for pharmacist services, payment for over-the-counter OCs by insurers, and the possibility of pharmacists inappropriately refusing to provide OCs. Weighing the risks versus the benefits based on currently available data, OCs should be available over-the-counter. Women should self-screen for most contraindications to OCs using checklists.
意外怀孕仍然是美国的一个主要公共卫生问题。获得途径和费用问题是导致女性不使用避孕药具或使用过程中出现空白的常见原因。一种可能的方法是允许非处方获取口服避孕药(OC),以改善避孕措施的获取和使用,从而可能降低意外怀孕率。提供激素避孕措施无需进行宫颈癌或性传播感染筛查。需要考虑的问题包括药剂师服务的报酬、保险公司对非处方 OC 的支付,以及药剂师不恰当地拒绝提供 OC 的可能性。根据现有数据权衡风险与收益,OC 应该可以在非处方途径获得。女性应使用清单自行筛查大多数 OC 的禁忌证。