Effects of free fatty acids on luteinizing hormone and growth hormone secretion in ovariectomized lambs.

The effects of FFA on circulating LH and GH concentrations in ovariectomized ewe lambs were investigated. Lambs (n = 14) were weaned at 2.5 months, ovariectomized at 6.5 months, and used at 8.5 months of age. From weaning until day 0 of the experiment, lambs were fed to maintain body weights (23 kg). On day 0, serum FFA concentrations and mean serum LH concentrations and number and amplitude of LH pulses, as assessed in blood samples collected every 12 min for 4 h, were 6.4 +/- 0.6 mg/100 ml, 0.57 +/- 0.08 ng/ml, 0.45 +/- 0.09 pulses/h, and 0.73 +/- 0.11 ng/ml, respectively. Double the maintenance feeding, beginning day 1, increased (P less than 0.01) body weights by 16% and LH pulse frequency by 82%, but had no effect (P greater than 0.1) on FFA concentrations, mean LH concentrations, or LH pulse amplitude by day 14. On day 14, lambs were infused with lipid (n = 9; 95.8 mg/min) or 0.9% saline solution (n = 5) for 8 h. Blood samples were collected at 12-min intervals for 12 h, beginning 4 h before infusions. FFA levels increased (P less than 0.01) in lipid-infused animals to 27.6 +/- 2.9 mg/100 ml by 4 h of infusion. Mean LH concentrations and LH pulse frequency and amplitude were unaffected (P greater than 0.1) by treatment. In contrast, mean GH concentrations and GH pulse frequency, which were similar (P greater than 0.1) between groups before infusion (14.0 +/- 0.8 ng/ml and 0.36 +/- 0.07 pulses/h, respectively) were decreased by FFA treatment by 51% (P less than 0.01) and 81% (P less than 0.006), respectively. GH pulse amplitude was highly variable and unaffected (P greater than 0.1) by treatment. In summary, elevated FFA levels appear to inhibit the release of GH, but not LH, in the ovariectomized ewe lamb.