Pain Unit, Alicante University General Hospital, Alicante, Spain.
J Pain Res. 2012;5:559-66. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S36428. Epub 2012 Nov 19.
Breakthrough cancer pain is defined as transient pain exacerbation in patients with stable and controlled basal pain. Although variable, the prevalence of breakthrough cancer pain is high (33%-95%). According to the American Pain Foundation, breakthrough pain is observed in 50%-90% of all hospitalized cancer patients, in 89% of all patients admitted to homes for the elderly and terminal-patient care centers, and in 35% of all ambulatory care cancer patients. The management of breakthrough cancer pain should involve an interdisciplinary and multimodal approach. The introduction of new fentanyl formulations has represented a great advance and has notably improved treatment. Among these, the pectin-based intranasal formulation adjusts very well to the profile of breakthrough pain attacks, is effective, has a good toxicity profile, and allows for convenient dosing - affording rapid and effective analgesia with the added advantage of being easily administered by caregivers when patients are unable to collaborate.
爆发性癌痛是指基础疼痛稳定和控制的患者中短暂性疼痛加剧。尽管存在差异，但爆发性癌痛的患病率较高（33%-95%）。根据美国疼痛基金会的数据，爆发性癌痛在所有住院癌症患者中观察到的比例为 50%-90%，在所有养老院和临终关怀中心的住院患者中为 89%，在所有门诊癌症患者中为 35%。爆发性癌痛的管理应包括多学科和多模式的方法。新型芬太尼制剂的引入代表了重大进展，显著改善了治疗效果。其中，基于果胶的鼻腔内制剂非常适合爆发性疼痛发作的特征，具有疗效好、毒性特征良好且方便给药的优点，当患者无法配合时，护理人员能够方便地进行给药，从而提供快速有效的镇痛效果。
