Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Cell Mol Immunol. 2013 Mar;10(2):103-6. doi: 10.1038/cmi.2012.61. Epub 2012 Dec 17.
Expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in B cells provides a cell-intrinsic mechanism for innate signals regulating adaptive immune responses. In combination with other signaling pathways in B cells, including through the B-cell receptor (BCR), TLR signaling plays multiple roles in B-cell differentiation and activation. The outcome of TLR signaling in B cells is largely context-dependent, which partly explains discrepancies among in vitro and in vivo studies, or studies using different immunogens. We focus on recent findings on how B-cell-intrinsic TLR signaling regulates antibody responses, including germinal center formation and autoantibody production in autoimmune disease models. In addition, TLR signaling also acts on the precursors of B cells, which could influence the immune response of animals by shaping the composition of the immune system. With TLR signaling modulating immune responses at these different levels, much more needs to be understood before we can depict the complete functions of innate signaling in host defense.
Toll 样受体（TLRs）在 B 细胞中的表达为先天信号调节适应性免疫反应提供了细胞内固有机制。TLR 信号与 B 细胞中的其他信号通路（包括 B 细胞受体（BCR））结合，在 B 细胞分化和激活中发挥多种作用。TLR 在 B 细胞中的信号转导结果在很大程度上取决于上下文，这部分解释了体外和体内研究之间的差异，或使用不同免疫原的研究之间的差异。我们重点介绍了最近关于 B 细胞内固有 TLR 信号如何调节抗体反应的发现，包括生发中心形成和自身免疫疾病模型中的自身抗体产生。此外，TLR 信号也作用于 B 细胞的前体，通过塑造免疫系统的组成，影响动物的免疫反应。由于 TLR 信号在这些不同水平上调节免疫反应，因此在我们能够描绘先天信号在宿主防御中的完整功能之前，还需要更多的了解。
