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利用正矩阵分解结合支持向量机对表层沉积物中微量元素污染进行源解析:以中国晋江为例

Source apportionment of trace element pollution in surface sediments using positive matrix factorization combined support vector machines: application to the Jinjiang River, China.

作者信息

Chen Haiyang, Teng Yanguo, Wang Jinsheng, Song Liuting, Zuo Rui

机构信息

Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, No 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China.

出版信息

Biol Trace Elem Res. 2013 Mar;151(3):462-70. doi: 10.1007/s12011-012-9576-5. Epub 2012 Dec 29.

Abstract

In this study, a method of positive matrix factorization (PMF) combined support vector machines (SVMs) was adopted to identify possible sources and apportion contributions for trace element pollution in surface sediments from the Jinjiang River, Southeastern China. Utilizing diagnostics tools, four significant factors were extracted from sediment samplers, which were collected in December 2010 at 15 different sites. By treating source identification as a pattern recognition problem, the factor loadings derived from PMF were classified by SVM classifiers which have been trained and validated with fingerprints of eight potential source categories. Using SVM, industrial wastewater from lead ore mining and metal handcraft manufacture, atmospheric deposition, and natural background were identified as main sources of trace element pollution in surface sediments from the Jinjiang River, which were affirmed by visually comparing compound patterns and the differences between the predicted and actual fractional compositions. Apportionment results showed that source of lead ore mining made the largest contribution (33.62 %), followed by atmospheric deposition (30.99 %), metal handcraft manufacture (30.09 %), and natural background (5.29 %).

摘要

本研究采用正矩阵因子分解(PMF)与支持向量机(SVM)相结合的方法,来识别中国东南部晋江表层沉积物中微量元素污染的可能来源并分配其贡献率。利用诊断工具,从2010年12月在15个不同地点采集的沉积物样本中提取了四个显著因子。通过将源识别视为一个模式识别问题,由PMF得出的因子载荷由已使用八种潜在源类别指纹进行训练和验证的SVM分类器进行分类。使用SVM,铅矿开采和金属手工艺品制造产生的工业废水、大气沉降和自然背景被确定为晋江表层沉积物中微量元素污染的主要来源,通过直观比较复合模式以及预测和实际分数组成之间的差异得到了证实。分配结果表明,铅矿开采源的贡献率最大(33.62%),其次是大气沉降(30.99%)、金属手工艺品制造(30.09%)和自然背景(5.29%)。

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