Liu Ji-Liang, Cao Jing, Li Shi-Jie, Pan Chun-Lin, Pan Cheng-Chen
Laboratory of Ecology and Agriculture, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2012 Sep;23(9):2459-66.
Long-term disturbance of human beings on secondary forest ecosystem would have profound impacts on belowground ecological processes, whereas the community structure and functional diversity of soil fauna would be sensitive to the changes of belowground ecological processes, with significance as an indicator of the changes. In this study, the method of hand-sorting was adopted to investigate the density of soil macrofaunal community in a secondary forest and the Pinus tabulaeformis, Larix kaempferi, Picea abie, and Picea asperata plantations of nearly 30 years old in Xiaolongshan forest area of western Qinling Mountains, and the PCA ordination and one-way ANOVA analysis were applied to analyze the community structure and trophic group composition of soil macrofauna in the five forest types. In the P. tabulaeformis and L. kaempferi plantations, the density of soil macrofaunal community was 3.0 and 2.1 times of that in the secondary forest, respectively, and the consumers/decomposers ratio of the community was obviously higher than that in the secondary forest. Among the plantations, P. tabulaeformis and L. kaempferi plantations had a significantly higher consumers/decomposers ratio of soil macrofaunal community than P. abies and P. asperata plantations. There was an obvious difference in community structure of soil macrofauna among the four plantations. The density of soil macrofaunal community in P. tabulaeformis and L. kaempferi plantations was 3.5 and 2.1 times higher than that in P. asperata plantation, respectively, whereas the group richness of soil macrofaunal community in P. tabulaeformis plantation was 1.5 times of that in P. abies and P. asperata plantations.
人类对次生林生态系统的长期干扰会对地下生态过程产生深远影响，而土壤动物群落结构和功能多样性对地下生态过程变化较为敏感，具有指示变化的意义。本研究采用手捡法调查了西秦岭小陇山地区近30年生次生林及油松、日本落叶松、云杉、粗枝云杉人工林中土壤大型动物群落密度，并运用主成分分析排序和单因素方差分析对5种林型土壤大型动物群落结构和营养类群组成进行分析。在油松和日本落叶松人工林中，土壤大型动物群落密度分别是次生林的3.0倍和2.1倍，群落的消费者/分解者比值明显高于次生林。在人工林中，油松和日本落叶松人工林土壤大型动物群落的消费者/分解者比值显著高于云杉和粗枝云杉人工林。4种人工林土壤大型动物群落结构存在明显差异。油松和日本落叶松人工林土壤大型动物群落密度分别比粗枝云杉人工林高3.5倍和2.1倍，而油松人工林土壤大型动物群落的类群丰富度是云杉和粗枝云杉人工林的1.5倍。
