Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Dr, Madison, WI, 53713, USA.
New Phytol. 2013 Mar;197(4):1039-1057. doi: 10.1111/nph.12122. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
Following mitosis, cytoplasm, organelles and genetic material are partitioned into daughter cells through the process of cytokinesis. In somatic cells of higher plants, two cytoskeletal arrays, the preprophase band and the phragmoplast, facilitate the positioning and de novo assembly of the plant-specific cytokinetic organelle, the cell plate, which develops across the division plane and fuses with the parental plasma membrane to yield distinct new cells. The coordination of cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics required to initiate, assemble and shape the cell plate as it grows toward the mother cell cortex is dependent upon a large array of proteins, including molecular motors, membrane tethering, fusion and restructuring factors and biosynthetic, structural and regulatory elements. This review focuses on the temporal and molecular requirements of cytokinesis in somatic cells of higher plants gleaned from recent studies using cell biology, genetics, pharmacology and biochemistry.
有丝分裂后，细胞质、细胞器和遗传物质通过胞质分裂过程分配到子细胞中。在高等植物的体细胞中，两个细胞骨架结构，前期带和成膜体，有助于定位和从头组装植物特有的胞质分裂细胞器，细胞板，它在分裂平面上发育并与母质膜融合，产生不同的新细胞。为了使细胞板在向母细胞皮层生长的过程中启动、组装和成形，需要协调细胞骨架和膜动力学，这依赖于大量的蛋白质，包括分子马达、膜连接、融合和重构因子以及生物合成、结构和调节元件。本综述重点介绍了近年来利用细胞生物学、遗传学、药理学和生物化学研究从高等植物体细胞中获得的胞质分裂的时间和分子要求。
