Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Rouse Life Sciences Building, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
J Exp Biol. 2013 Mar 15;216(Pt 6):970-6. doi: 10.1242/jeb.075648.
Many stony coral-dwelling fishes exhibit adaptations to deal with hypoxia among the branches of their hosts; however, no information exists on the respiratory ecophysiology of obligate fish associates of non-coral organisms such as sea anemones and sponges. This study investigated metabolic and behavioral interactions between two-band anemonefish (Amphiprion bicinctus) and bulb-tentacle sea anemones (Entacmaea quadricolor) at night. We measured the net dark oxygen uptake ( , μmol O2 h(-1)) of fish-anemone pairs when partners were separate from each other, together as a unit, and together as a unit but separated by a mesh screen that prevented physical contact. We also measured the effects of water current on sea anemone and quantified the nocturnal behaviors of fish in the absence and presence of host anemones in order to discern the impacts of anemone presence on fish behavior. Net of united pairs was significantly higher than that of both separated pairs and united pairs that were separated by a mesh screen. Anemone increased with flow rate from 0.5 to 2.0 cm s(-1), after which remained constant up to a water flow rate of 8.0 cm s(-1). Furthermore, the percentage time and bout frequency of flow-modulating behaviors by fish increased significantly when anemones were present. We conclude that physical contact between anemonefish and sea anemones elevates the of at least one of the partners at night, and anemonefish behavior at night appears to oxygenate sea anemone hosts and to augment the metabolism of both partners.
许多石珊瑚栖息的鱼类表现出适应低氧环境的特性，以应对宿主分支中的缺氧情况；然而，目前还没有关于与非珊瑚生物（如海葵和海绵）有关的鱼类的强制性共生的呼吸生理生态学的信息。本研究调查了夜间双带小丑鱼（Amphiprion bicinctus）和球根触须海葵（Entacmaea quadricolor）之间的代谢和行为相互作用。我们测量了当鱼和海葵彼此分开、作为一个整体以及作为一个整体但通过阻止物理接触的网屏分开时，鱼-海葵对的净暗氧摄取量（ ，μmol O2 h(-1)）。我们还测量了水流对海葵的影响，并量化了鱼类在没有和有宿主海葵存在时的夜间行为，以辨别海葵存在对鱼类行为的影响。联合对的净氧量明显高于分开的对和用网屏隔开的联合对。海葵的增加与流速从 0.5 到 2.0 cm s(-1) 有关，之后在水流速度达到 8.0 cm s(-1)时保持不变。此外，当有海葵存在时，鱼类调节水流的行为的时间百分比和频率明显增加。我们得出结论，海葵鱼和海葵之间的物理接触会增加至少一个伙伴的摄氧量，并且海葵鱼在夜间的行为似乎会为海葵宿主供氧，并增加两个伙伴的新陈代谢。
