Synthesis of novel hapten and production of generic monoclonal antibody for immunoassay of penicillins residues in milk.

The objective of this study was to produce a generic monoclonal antibody for determination of penicillins residues in milk. The compound 6-aminopenicillanic acid was used as the template to synthesize two novel generic haptens that were used to produce the monoclonal antibodies. The obtained monoclonal antibodies simultaneously recognized 11 penicillin drugs (amoxicillin, ampicillin, penicillin G, penicillin V, sulbenicillin, carbencillin, methicillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, oxacillin, and nafcillin). After evaluation of different reagent combinations, a heterologous indirect competitive enzyme immunoassay was developed to multi-determine the 11 drugs in milk. The crossreactivities to the 11 drugs were in a range of 16%-117% and the limits of detection were in a range of 0.7-9.3 ng/mL depending on the drug. The recoveries from the fortified blank milk were in a range of 77.6%-99.4% with coefficients of variation lower than 13.5%. This method could be used as a rapid screen tool for routine monitoring the residues of the 11 penicillin drugs in animal derived foods.