Canine prostatic carcinoma.

Canine prostatic carcinoma is locally aggressive with a high rate of metastasis. Common metastatic sites include lymph nodes, lungs, liver, spleen, and bone. Staging relies on chest radiography, abdominal radiography, and abdominal ultrasonography, in addition to radiography of any painful regions. An enlarged, mineralized prostate is a frequent finding; in a castrated male dog, it is predictive of prostatic carcinoma. NSAIDs are an important component of treatment, although additional local and systemic therapies should be considered to improve the quality of life of these patients.