Department of Botany, University of Pune, Pune, 411007 India.
Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2011 Jul;17(3):231-7. doi: 10.1007/s12298-011-0075-5. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
The flowers of Bassia latifolia are known to contain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), the compound responsible for pleasant aroma in basmati and other scented rice. Four growth stages of Bassia flowers were identified and 2AP contents were analysed in each stage. It was found that 2AP (3.30 ppm) gets synthesized only in fleshy corolla of mature flowers (fourth stage). The activity of γ-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (AADH); an enzyme responsible for synthesis of γ-aminobutyricacid (GABA) from γ-aminobutyraldehyde (GABald) was assessed in these four stages. The AADH activity was absent in the fourth stage. It was concluded that ceased activity of AADH in fourth stage flowers leads to the accumulation of γ-aminobutyraldehyde which is cyclised spontaneously to Δ(1)-pyrroline, the key precursor of 2AP. Δ(1)-pyrroline further reacts unenzymatically with methylglyoxal to form 2AP.
Bassia latifolia 的花朵中含有 2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉（2AP），这种化合物是长粒香米和其他香米产生香气的原因。本研究鉴定了 Bassia 花朵的四个生长阶段，并分析了每个阶段 2AP 的含量。结果发现，2AP（3.30ppm）仅在成熟花朵的肉质花冠（第四阶段）中合成。在这四个阶段中评估了负责将 γ-氨基丁酸醛（GABald）转化为 γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的γ-氨基丁酸脱氢酶（AADH）的活性。第四阶段没有 AADH 活性。结论是第四阶段花朵中 AADH 的活性停止导致 γ-氨基丁酸醛的积累，该醛自发环化形成 2AP 的关键前体 Δ（1）-吡咯啉。Δ（1）-吡咯啉进一步与甲基乙二醛非酶促反应形成 2AP。
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