Division of Rheumatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 45 Francis Street, PBB-3, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2013 May;39(2):277-97. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2013.02.007. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized by the development of epithelioid granulomas in various organs. Although the lungs are involved in most patients with sarcoidosis, virtually any organ can be affected. Recognition of extrapulmonary sarcoidosis requires awareness of the organs most commonly affected, such as the skin and the eyes, and vigilance for the most dangerous manifestations, such as cardiac and neurologic involvement. In this article, the common extrapulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis are reviewed and organ-specific therapeutic considerations are discussed.
结节病是一种全身性疾病，其特征是在各种器官中形成上皮样肉芽肿。尽管大多数结节病患者的肺部受累，但实际上任何器官都可能受到影响。识别肺外结节病需要认识到最常受影响的器官，如皮肤和眼睛，并警惕最危险的表现，如心脏和神经系统受累。本文回顾了结节病的常见肺外表现，并讨论了针对特定器官的治疗注意事项。
