脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和 3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 - 与波兰小麦赤霉病有关的真菌毒素。
Deoxynivalenol and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol - mycotoxins associated with wheat head fusariosis in Poland.
机构信息
Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da Parassiti Vegetali, CNR, 70126, Bari, Italy.
出版信息
Mycotoxin Res. 1986 Sep;2(2):59-64. doi: 10.1007/BF03191965.
Samples of wheat naturally infected in the field byFusarium culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc. andFusarium graminearum Schwabe were analyzed for deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, and zearalenone. No zearalenone was detected at levels higher than 0.5mg/kg. Deoxynivalenol was present in 100% and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol in 80% of the examined samples at levels of 0.21 to 30.4 mg/kg and 0.54 to 29.54 mg/kg, respectively. The mycotoxin levels in the chaff were 5 to 50 times higher than in the kernels. This is the first report on natural occurrence of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol in wheat. This toxin, in addition to deoxynivalenol, was highly correlated with wheat head fusariosis. These findings suggest that more attention should be given to the occurrence of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol in cereal grains during the growth as well as during storage.
从田间自然感染禾谷镰刀菌（W.G.Sm.）和禾谷镰刀菌（Schwabe）的小麦样品中分析了脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮。未检测到超过 0.5mg/kg 的玉米赤霉烯酮。在检测的样品中，100%的样品中存在脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇，浓度为 0.21 至 30.4mg/kg，80%的样品中存在 3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇，浓度为 0.54 至 29.54mg/kg。麦糠中的真菌毒素含量比麦粒高 5 至 50 倍。这是首次报道小麦中天然存在 3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇。除脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇外，该毒素与小麦赤霉病高度相关。这些发现表明，在生长和储存过程中，应更加关注谷物中 3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的发生。
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