Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
ChemMedChem. 2013 Jun;8(6):985-93. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.201300035. Epub 2013 Apr 18.
Among the many prodrug approaches aimed at delivering nucleoside monophosphates into cells, the phosphoramidate ProTide approach is one that has shown success, which has made it possible for some of the phosphoramidates to enter into clinical trials. Herein, we report the synthesis and antiviral activity of a series of phosphoramidate ProTides designed to bypass the thymidine kinase (TK) dependence of the parent nucleoside analogues. Phosphoramidate derivatives of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU) that contain L-alanine or pivaloyloxymethyl iminodiacetate (IDA-POM) exhibit anti-HSV-1 and anti-VZV activity in cell cultures, but they largely lost antiviral potency against TK-deficient virus strains. Among deazapurine nucleosides and their phosphoramidate derivatives, the 7-deazaadenine containing nucleosides and their phosphoramidate triester derivatives showed weak antiviral activity against VZV. Apparently, intracellular nucleotide delivery with these phosphoramidates is partly successful. However, none of the compound prodrugs showed superior activity to their parent drugs.
在旨在将核苷单磷酸递送入细胞的众多前药方法中,磷酰胺酯前药方法是一种已被证明成功的方法,这使得一些磷酰胺酯能够进入临床试验。在此,我们报告了一系列磷酰胺酯前药的合成和抗病毒活性,这些前药旨在绕过亲本核苷类似物的胸苷激酶 (TK) 依赖性。含有 L-丙氨酸或特戊酰氧甲基亚氨基二乙酸酯 (IDA-POM) 的(E)-5-(2-溴乙烯基)-2'-脱氧尿苷 (BVDU) 的磷酰胺酯衍生物在细胞培养物中表现出抗 HSV-1 和抗 VZV 活性,但它们对 TK 缺陷病毒株的抗病毒效力大大降低。在去氮嘌呤核苷及其磷酰胺酯衍生物中,含 7-脱氮腺嘌呤的核苷及其磷酰胺酯三酯衍生物对 VZV 表现出弱抗病毒活性。显然,这些磷酰胺酯的细胞内核苷酸递送在一定程度上是成功的。然而,没有一种化合物前药显示出优于其母体药物的活性。