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Flotillins 具有组织细菌膜的功能。

Flotillins functionally organize the bacterial membrane.

机构信息

Department of Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.

出版信息

Mol Microbiol. 2013 Jun;88(6):1205-17. doi: 10.1111/mmi.12252. Epub 2013 May 22.

Abstract

Proteins and lipids are heterogeneously distributed in biological membranes. The correct function of membrane proteins depends on spatiotemporal organization into defined membrane areas, called lipid domains or rafts. Lipid microdomains are therefore thought to assist compartmentalization of membranes. However, how lipid and protein assemblies are organized and whether proteins are actively involved in these processes remains poorly understood. We now have identified flotillins to be responsible for lateral segregation of defined membrane domains in the model organism Bacillus subtilis. We show that flotillins form large, dynamic assemblies that are able to influence membrane fluidity and prevent condensation of Laurdan stained membrane regions. Absence of flotillins in vivo leads to coalescence of distinct domains of high membrane order and, hence, loss of flotillins in the bacterial plasma-membrane reduces membrane heterogeneity. We show that flotillins interact with various proteins involved in protein secretion, cell wall metabolism, transport and membrane-related signalling processes. Importantly, maintenance of membrane heterogeneity is critical for vital cellular processes such as protein secretion.

摘要

蛋白质和脂质在生物膜中呈不均匀分布。膜蛋白的正确功能取决于在特定的膜区域(称为脂质域或筏)中进行时空组织。因此,脂质微区被认为有助于膜的区室化。然而,脂质和蛋白质组装如何组织,以及蛋白质是否积极参与这些过程,仍知之甚少。我们现在已经确定了浮游蛋白,它们负责模型生物枯草芽孢杆菌中特定膜域的横向分离。我们表明,浮游蛋白形成了大型的动态组装体,能够影响膜流动性并防止 Laurdan 染色膜区域的凝结。浮游蛋白在体内的缺失会导致高膜有序性的不同区域的合并,因此,浮游蛋白在细菌质膜中的缺失会降低膜的异质性。我们表明,浮游蛋白与涉及蛋白质分泌、细胞壁代谢、运输和与膜相关的信号转导过程的各种蛋白质相互作用。重要的是,维持膜的异质性对于蛋白质分泌等重要的细胞过程至关重要。

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