Department of Insurance Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
Mult Scler. 2013 Dec;19(14):1923-30. doi: 10.1177/1352458513488234. Epub 2013 May 7.
Although multiple sclerosis (MS) often implies substantial disability, there is little knowledge about sick leave and disability pension among MS patients.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence rates of sick leave and disability pension among MS patients and to explore how socio-demographics are associated with such rates.
The register data of all people who lived in Sweden in 2005 and were 16-64 years old was used to identify 9721 MS patients and matched controls. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and effect modifications were evaluated with Wald X(2) tests.
In 2005, 61.7% of the MS patients were on partial or full disability pension compared to 14.2% among the controls. Of the others, 36.8% had ≥ 1 sick-leave spell for >14 days during that year. Socio-demographics were similarly associated with sick leave and disability pension among MS patients and controls, with the noteworthy exceptions that female gender and immigration status were less potent risk factors in the MS population (p<0.05).
In spite of widespread access to modern health care including disease-modifying drugs, the majority of MS patients of working ages were on a disability pension. Strategies enabling MS patients to retain their footing in the labour market are needed.
尽管多发性硬化症（MS）通常意味着严重的残疾，但对于 MS 患者的病假和残疾抚恤金知之甚少。
本研究旨在估计 MS 患者的病假和残疾抚恤金的患病率，并探讨社会人口统计学因素与这些患病率的关系。
使用 2005 年居住在瑞典且年龄在 16-64 岁之间的所有人的登记数据，确定了 9721 名 MS 患者和匹配的对照者。计算了调整后的优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI），并用 Wald X(2)检验评估了效应修饰。
2005 年，61.7%的 MS 患者领取部分或全部残疾抚恤金，而对照组为 14.2%。其余的人中有 36.8%在当年有≥1 次持续超过 14 天的病假。社会人口统计学因素与 MS 患者和对照组的病假和残疾抚恤金也有类似的关联，但值得注意的是，女性和移民身份在 MS 人群中是较弱的风险因素（p<0.05）。
尽管广泛获得了包括疾病修正药物在内的现代医疗保健，但大多数处于工作年龄的 MS 患者都领取残疾抚恤金。需要制定使 MS 患者能够在劳动力市场立足的策略。
