Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
Compr Physiol. 2012 Oct;2(4):2829-70. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c110066.
In mammalian systems, skeletal muscle exists in a dynamic state that monitors and regulates the physiological investment in muscle size to meet the current level of functional demand. This review attempts to consolidate current knowledge concerning development of the compensatory hypertrophy that occurs in response to a sustained increase in the mechanical loading of skeletal muscle. Topics covered include: defining and measuring compensatory hypertrophy, experimental models, loading stimulus parameters, acute responses to increased loading, hyperplasia, myofiber-type adaptations, the involvement of satellite cells, mRNA translational control, mechanotransduction, and endocrinology. The authors conclude with their impressions of current knowledge gaps in the field that are ripe for future study.
在哺乳动物系统中，骨骼肌处于一种动态状态，可监测和调节肌肉大小的生理投入，以满足当前的功能需求。本综述试图整合目前关于骨骼肌在持续增加机械负荷时发生的代偿性肥大的知识。涵盖的主题包括：定义和测量代偿性肥大、实验模型、加载刺激参数、增加负荷的急性反应、增生、肌纤维类型适应性、卫星细胞的参与、mRNA 翻译控制、机械转导和内分泌学。作者最后对该领域目前尚待未来研究的知识空白提出了自己的看法。
