参与预防母婴传播艾滋病毒项目的女性向伴侣和家人披露艾滋病毒感染情况:对南非资源匮乏社区婴儿喂养的影响

HIV disclosure to partners and family among women enrolled in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV program: implications for infant feeding in poor resourced communities in South Africa.

作者信息

Madiba Sphiwe, Letsoalo Rosemary

机构信息

Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Limpopo, South Africa.

出版信息

Glob J Health Sci. 2013 Mar 7;5(4):1-13. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v5n4p1.

Abstract

The introduction of routine HIV counselling and testing (HCT) has increased the number of pregnant women being tested and receiving prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) interventions in South Africa. While many women may enroll in PMTCT, there are barriers that hinder the success of PMTCT programmes. The success of the PMTCT is dependent on the optimal utilization of PMTCT interventions which require the support of the woman's partner, and other members of her family. We conducted focus groups interviews with 25 HIV-positive post-natal women enrolled in PMTCT, in the City of Tshwane, South Africa. The study explored HIV-positive status disclosure to partners and significant family members and assessed the effect of nondisclosure on exclusive infant feeding. Most women disclosed to partners while few disclosed to significant family members. Most women initiated mixed feeding practices as early as one month and reported that they were pressurized by the family to mix feed. Mixed feeding was common among women who had not disclosed their HIV-positive status to families, and women who had limited understanding of mother to child transmission of HIV. Women who disclosed to partners and family were supported to adhere to the feeding option of choice. Health providers have a critical role to play in developing interventions to support HIV pregnant women to disclose in order to avoid mixed feeding. Improving the quality of information provided to HIV-positive pregnant women during counselling will also reduce mixed feeding.

摘要

常规的艾滋病病毒咨询与检测(HCT)的引入增加了南非接受检测并获得预防艾滋病母婴传播(PMTCT)干预措施的孕妇数量。虽然许多妇女可能会参加预防艾滋病母婴传播项目,但仍存在一些阻碍该项目成功实施的障碍。预防艾滋病母婴传播项目的成功取决于对预防艾滋病母婴传播干预措施的最佳利用,而这需要女性伴侣及其他家庭成员的支持。我们对南非茨瓦内市25名参加预防艾滋病母婴传播项目的艾滋病毒阳性产后妇女进行了焦点小组访谈。该研究探讨了向伴侣及重要家庭成员披露艾滋病毒阳性状况的情况,并评估了不披露对纯母乳喂养的影响。大多数妇女向伴侣披露了情况,而向重要家庭成员披露的较少。大多数妇女早在产后一个月就开始采用混合喂养方式,并表示家人迫使她们进行混合喂养。在未向家人披露其艾滋病毒阳性状况的妇女以及对艾滋病母婴传播了解有限的妇女中,混合喂养很常见。向伴侣和家人披露情况的妇女得到了支持,从而坚持选择的喂养方式。医疗服务提供者在制定干预措施以支持感染艾滋病毒的孕妇进行披露从而避免混合喂养方面起着关键作用。提高咨询过程中向艾滋病毒阳性孕妇提供的信息质量也将减少混合喂养的情况。

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