Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, CNR - Via Roma, 3 74100 Taranto, Italy.
Chemosphere. 2013 Oct;93(6):1015-22. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.05.071. Epub 2013 Jun 22.
The common and widespread copper contamination in marine coastal environments make toxicity data necessary to assess the aquatic hazard and risk of this metal. In the present study, the sublethal effects of copper on survival, growth and reproduction of Gammarus aequicauda were investigated. Amphipods were exposed for 77d to 2 nominal copper concentrations (50, 100 μg L(-1)). Survival was the most sensitive measure of effect and was significantly reduced, especially during early life stage (juveniles). Growth of amphipods was also negatively affected by copper and the growth impairment in G. aequicauda increases with increasing metal concentration. The reproductive traits were impaired by each of the copper concentrations, even if there were not any significant differences between control and copper treatments. The size at maturity increased with increasing copper, so the smallest ovigerous females in the control and copper treatments were 0.83 mm and 1.35 mm head length, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the brood size and the body size of the female in all treatments, whilst the fecundity (n°juveniles/female) decreased in the order control, 50 and 100 μg Cu L(-1). Copper demonstrates chronic toxicity to G. aequicauda at realistic environmental concentrations. The results of this study entail that the understanding of chronic toxicity of a substance, especially on population level effects, is crucial to assess the long-term effect of the substance in the ecosystem.
在海洋沿海环境中普遍存在的铜污染使得有必要获取毒性数据，以评估这种金属的水生危害和风险。在本研究中，研究了铜对日本沼虾生存、生长和繁殖的亚致死效应。在 77 天的时间里，双壳类动物暴露于 2 种名义铜浓度（50、100μg/L）中。存活率是最敏感的效应测量指标，尤其是在早期生命阶段（幼体），其存活率显著降低。铜也对双壳类动物的生长产生了负面影响，并且 G. aequicauda 的生长受损随着金属浓度的增加而增加。每个铜浓度都对生殖特征产生了影响，即使在对照组和铜处理组之间没有任何显著差异。成熟体型随着铜浓度的增加而增加，因此对照组和铜处理组中最小的抱卵雌虾体长分别为 0.83mm 和 1.35mm。在所有处理组中，亲体大小与雌体大小之间存在正相关关系，而在 50μgCuL(-1)和 100μgCuL(-1)处理组中，每个雌体的幼体数量（n°幼体/雌体）减少。铜对 G. aequicauda 具有慢性毒性，其浓度与实际环境浓度相当。本研究的结果表明，了解物质的慢性毒性，特别是对种群水平效应的了解，对于评估该物质在生态系统中的长期效应至关重要。
