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海洋无脊椎动物与细菌的关联:对压载水管理的启示。

Association of bacteria with marine invertebrates: implications for ballast water management.

机构信息

CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, 403 004, Goa, India.

出版信息

Ecohealth. 2013 Sep;10(3):268-76. doi: 10.1007/s10393-013-0857-z. Epub 2013 Jul 12.

Abstract

Bacteria associated with plankton are of importance in marine bioinvasions and the implementation of ship's ballast water treatment technologies. In this study, epibiotic and endobiotic bacteria associated with zooplankton, including barnacle nauplii, veliger larvae, and adults of the copepod Oithona sp., were characterized and quantified. Barnacle nauplius and veliger larva harbored ~4.4 × 10(5)cells ind(-1) whereas Oithona sp. had 8.8 × 10(5)cells ind(-1). Computation of bacterial contribution based on biovolume indicated that despite being the smallest zooplankton tested, veliger larvae harbored the highest number of bacteria, while barnacle nauplii, the largest of the zooplankton, tested in terms of volume contributed the least. Pulverization of zooplankton led to an increase in bacterial numbers; for example, Vibrio cholerae, which was initially 3.5 × 10(3), increased to 5.4 × 10(5)CFU g(-1); Escherichia coli increased from 5.0 × 10(2) to 1.3 × 10(4)CFU g(-1); and Streptococcus faecalis increased from 2.1 × 10(2) to 2.5 × 10(5)CFU g(-1), respectively. Pulverized zooplankton was aged in the dark to assess the contribution of bacteria from decaying debris. Aging of pulverized zooplankton led to emergence of Chromobacterium violaceum, which is an opportunistic pathogen in animals and humans.

摘要

与浮游生物相关的细菌在海洋生物入侵和实施船舶压载水处理技术方面具有重要意义。在这项研究中, characterizing and quantifying 了与浮游动物(包括藤壶无节幼体、面盘幼虫和桡足类 Oithona sp. 的成体)相关的附生菌和内生菌。藤壶无节幼体和面盘幼虫含有约 4.4×10(5)个细胞 ind(-1),而 Oithona sp. 则含有 8.8×10(5)个细胞 ind(-1)。基于生物体积计算的细菌贡献表明,尽管面盘幼虫是测试的最小浮游动物,但它却携带了最多的细菌,而藤壶无节幼体是测试的浮游动物中体积最大的,但其携带的细菌数量最少。浮游动物的粉碎会导致细菌数量增加;例如,最初数量为 3.5×10(3)的霍乱弧菌增加到 5.4×10(5)CFU g(-1);大肠杆菌从 5.0×10(2)增加到 1.3×10(4)CFU g(-1);屎肠球菌从 2.1×10(2)增加到 2.5×10(5)CFU g(-1)。分别粉碎的浮游动物在黑暗中老化以评估来自腐烂碎片的细菌的贡献。老化的粉碎浮游动物导致机会性病原体 Chromobacterium violaceum 的出现,这种病原体存在于动物和人类中。

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