Ide B A, Tobias C, Kay M, Monk J, de Zapien J G
Health Care Women Int. 1990;11(3):237-49. doi: 10.1080/07399339009515895.
This longitudinal study of older Anglo and Mexican-American widows provides data on coping strategies and coping effectiveness as measured by perceived physical and psychological health. Previous health levels were the best predictors of later physical and psychological symptoms. Contrary to expectations, both ethnic groups preferred nonconfrontational strategies for widowhood problems, with the Mexican Americans using more confrontational strategies. Ways of coping with problems during the first months of widowhood had significant long-term effects upon the widow's health. The most effective coping methods over the first year involved combinations of independent action and emotional release. Over a longer period, more effective strategies included being able to ignore problems, accept the situation, and release tensions, or to actively seek advice about general problems. Contradictory findings over the two time periods for those Mexican Americans using independent action and emotional release strategies appear to be related to cultural patterns of familial support after a death occurs.
这项针对年长的英裔和墨西哥裔美国寡妇的纵向研究提供了关于应对策略及应对效果的数据，应对效果通过感知到的身心健康来衡量。先前的健康水平是后来身体和心理症状的最佳预测指标。与预期相反，两个族裔群体在面对丧偶问题时都更倾向于非对抗性策略，不过墨西哥裔美国人使用的对抗性策略更多。丧偶后头几个月应对问题的方式对寡妇的健康有显著的长期影响。第一年最有效的应对方法包括独立行动和情绪释放相结合。在更长的时期内，更有效的策略包括能够忽视问题、接受现状、释放紧张情绪，或者积极寻求关于一般问题的建议。在两个时间段内，那些采用独立行动和情绪释放策略的墨西哥裔美国人出现的矛盾研究结果似乎与死亡后家庭支持的文化模式有关。
