Mekonnen Zelalem, Haileselassie Haftay, Medhin Girmay, Erko Berhanu, Berhe Nega
Feleghiwot Regional Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Ethiop Med J. 2012 Oct;50(4):331-6.
Intestinal schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni is prevalent and widely distributed in Ethiopia. The disease continues to spread to previously non-endemic areas mainly in connection with water resource development and population movement.
To assess the transmission and magnitude of Schistosoma mansoni infection among school children in Addisalem and Lachi Primary Schools in Mekele City, northern Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in two primary schools in Mekele City in March 2011. Stool specimens were collected and processed for quantitative microscopic examination using Kato-Katz technique and ova were quantified Search for intermediate snail hosts was carried out in Elala stream and collected snails were examined for trematode infection by shedding after they were individually exposed to electric light for about one to two hours.
The overall prevalence of S. mansoni infection was 26.3% and for those infected with S. mansoni the mean intensity of infection was 50 egg per gram of stool (epg). About 1.9%, 20.8% and 77.4% of the positive children for S. mansoni had heavy, moderate and light infection, respectively. All collected snails were identified to be Biomphalaria pfeifferi, intermediate host for S. mansoni, and 2 of them shed cercariae, accounting for 2.5% (2/80) infection rate of the snails.
The present study showed that transmission of intestinal schistosomiasis is taking place in Ellala stream. The finding of infected children with S. mansoni, the presence of infected snails in the stream as well as the prevalence of S. mansoni being above 5% all confirm the endemicity of the area for S. mansoni infection. Preventive and control measures should be instituted to reduce on-going transmission and morbidity of the disease in the area.
由曼氏血吸虫引起的肠道血吸虫病在埃塞俄比亚流行且分布广泛。该疾病继续主要随着水资源开发和人口流动蔓延到以前的非流行地区。
评估埃塞俄比亚北部默克莱市阿迪斯阿莱姆小学和拉奇小学学龄儿童中曼氏血吸虫感染的传播情况和感染程度。
2011年3月在默克莱市的两所小学开展了一项横断面研究。收集粪便标本并采用加藤厚涂片法进行定量显微镜检查以对虫卵进行定量。在埃拉拉溪寻找中间宿主螺，收集到的螺在单独暴露于电灯下约一到两小时后进行逸蚴检查以检测吸虫感染情况。
曼氏血吸虫感染的总体患病率为26.3%，对于感染曼氏血吸虫的患者，平均感染强度为每克粪便50个虫卵（epg）。曼氏血吸虫检测呈阳性的儿童中，分别约有1.9%、20.8%和77.4%为重度、中度和轻度感染。所有收集到的螺均被鉴定为曼氏血吸虫的中间宿主费氏小泡螺，其中2只逸出尾蚴，占螺感染率的2.5%（2/80）。
本研究表明埃拉拉溪存在肠道血吸虫病传播。曼氏血吸虫感染儿童的发现、溪流中感染螺的存在以及曼氏血吸虫患病率高于5%均证实该地区为曼氏血吸虫感染的流行区。应采取预防和控制措施以减少该地区疾病的持续传播和发病率。
