Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390005, India.
Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:107954. doi: 10.1155/2013/107954. Epub 2013 Jul 8.
Benign Prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the most common prostatic disorders affecting elderly men. Multiple factors including hormonal imbalance, disruption of cell proliferation, apoptosis, chronic inflammation, and aging are thought to be responsible for the pathophysiology of these diseases. Both BPH and PCa are considered to be arisen from aberrant proliferation of prostate stem cells. Recent studies on BPH and PCa have provided significant evidence for the origin of these diseases from stem cells that share characteristics with normal prostate stem cells. Aberrant changes in prostate stem cell regulatory factors may contribute to the development of BPH or PCa. Understanding these regulatory factors may provide insight into the mechanisms that convert quiescent adult prostate cells into proliferating compartments and lead to BPH or carcinoma. Ultimately, the knowledge of the unique prostate stem or stem-like cells in the pathogenesis and development of hyperplasia will facilitate the development of new therapeutic targets for BPH and PCa. In this review, we address recent progress towards understanding the putative role and complexities of stem cells in the development of BPH and PCa.
良性前列腺增生症（BPH）和前列腺癌（PCa）是影响老年男性最常见的前列腺疾病。多种因素，包括激素失衡、细胞增殖、凋亡、慢性炎症和衰老的破坏，被认为是这些疾病的病理生理学的原因。BPH 和 PCa 均被认为起源于前列腺干细胞的异常增殖。BPH 和 PCa 的最新研究为这些疾病起源于与正常前列腺干细胞具有相似特征的干细胞提供了重要证据。前列腺干细胞调节因子的异常变化可能导致 BPH 或 PCa 的发生。了解这些调节因子可能有助于深入了解将静止的成年前列腺细胞转化为增殖区并导致 BPH 或癌的机制。最终，对增生发病机制和发展过程中独特的前列腺干细胞或类干细胞的认识将有助于为 BPH 和 PCa 开发新的治疗靶点。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了近年来在理解干细胞在 BPH 和 PCa 发展中的潜在作用和复杂性方面的进展。
