Grupo de Recursos Marinos y Pesquerías, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
PLoS One. 2013 Aug 8;8(8):e70405. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070405. eCollection 2013.
Scombrids (tunas, bonitos, Spanish mackerels and mackerels) support important fisheries in tropical, subtropical and temperate waters around the world, being one of the most economically- and socially-important marine species globally. Their sustainable exploitation, management and conservation depend on accurate life history information for the development of quantitative fisheries stock assessments, and in the fishery data-poor situations for the identification of vulnerable species. Here, we assemble life history traits (maximum size, growth, longevity, maturity, fecundity, spawning duration and spawning interval) for the 51 species of scombrids globally. We identify major biological gaps in knowledge and prioritize life history research needs in scombrids based on their biological gaps in knowledge, the importance of their fisheries and their current conservation status according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. We find that the growth and reproductive biology of tunas and mackerel species have been more extensively studied than for Spanish mackerels and bonitos, although there are notable exceptions in all groups. We also reveal that reproductive biology of species, particular fecundity, is the least studied biological aspect in scombrids. We identify two priority groups, including 32 species of scombrids, and several populations of principal market tunas, for which life history research should be prioritized following the species-specific life history gaps identified in this study in the coming decades. By highlighting the important gaps in biological knowledge and providing a priority setting for life history research in scombrid species this study provides guidance for management and conservation and serves as a guide for biologists and resource managers interested in the biology, ecology, and management of scombrid species.
鲹科鱼类（金枪鱼、鲣鱼、鲐鱼和马鲛鱼）在全球热带、亚热带和温带水域支持着重要的渔业，是全球最具经济和社会重要性的海洋物种之一。它们的可持续开发、管理和保护依赖于准确的生活史信息，以便进行定量渔业种群评估，并在渔业数据匮乏的情况下识别脆弱物种。在这里，我们汇总了全球 51 种鲹科鱼类的生活史特征（最大体型、生长、寿命、成熟、繁殖力、产卵持续时间和产卵间隔）。我们根据知识缺口、渔业重要性和根据国际自然保护联盟红色名录的当前保护状况，确定了鲹科鱼类在知识方面的主要生物学缺口，并确定了生活史研究的优先需求。我们发现，金枪鱼和鲐鱼的生长和生殖生物学比马鲛鱼和鲣鱼的研究更为广泛，尽管所有这些群体都有明显的例外。我们还发现，物种的生殖生物学，特别是繁殖力，是鲹科鱼类中研究最少的生物学方面。我们确定了两个优先群体，包括 32 种鲹科鱼类和几种主要市场金枪鱼种群，在未来几十年中，应根据本研究中确定的特定物种的生活史缺口，优先开展这些群体的生活史研究。通过突出生物学知识中的重要缺口，并为鲹科鱼类的生活史研究确定优先事项，本研究为管理和保护提供了指导，并为对鲹科鱼类的生物学、生态学和管理感兴趣的生物学家和资源管理者提供了指南。
